Nokea
A patient presents with a pruritic rash with linear streaks and small, fluid-filled blisters. The patient reports recent exposure to poison ivy while gardening. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?
- A. Pemphigus vulgaris
- B. Allergic contact dermatitis
- C. Bullous pemphigoid
- D. Herpes zoster (shingles)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The presentation of a pruritic rash with linear streaks and small, fluid-filled blisters following exposure to poison ivy is characteristic of allergic contact dermatitis. Poison ivy contains an oil called urushiol, which is known to cause this type of skin reaction in individuals who are sensitive to it. The linear streaks are often a result of the plant brushing against the skin. Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune condition characterized by the formation of intraepidermal blisters, typically not associated with linear streaks or exposure to irritants like poison ivy. Bullous pemphigoid is characterized by subepidermal blisters, and herpes zoster presents with a painful rash following reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus in a dermatomal pattern, not typically in linear streaks.
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In Participative Action Research [PAR], which step will empower the community?
- A. The nurse performs most of the task
- B. Health team directs all the activities of the place
- C. Participation and engagement of the community
- D. Barangay head appoints people in charge
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In Participative Action Research (PAR), the core idea is to empower the community by involving them in the research process. By actively engaging community members in all stages of the research, they gain a sense of ownership and are empowered to take action based on the research findings. This approach ensures that the solutions generated are relevant, sustainable, and community-driven. Therefore, participation and engagement of the community is the step that will empower the community in PAR, unlike the other options where the focus is on external individuals or entities.
A pregnant woman presents with vaginal bleeding and crampy abdominal pain at 22 weeks gestation. On examination, the cervix is dilated, and the amniotic sac is visible at the cervical os. Which of the following conditions is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
- A. Ectopic pregnancy
- B. Threatened abortion
- C. Placenta previa
- D. Incompetent cervix
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Incompetent cervix, also known as cervical insufficiency, is the most likely cause of the symptoms described. Incompetent cervix is a condition where the cervix begins to dilate and efface prematurely, typically in the second trimester, without contractions or labor. This can lead to painless cervical dilation and bulging of the amniotic sac into the vagina, which can cause vaginal bleeding and crampy abdominal pain. It is a leading cause of second-trimester pregnancy loss. Treatment may involve a cervical cerclage, a surgical procedure where the cervix is stitched closed to provide additional support.
Delegation is a critical component of leadership and governance. Which of the following empowering activities should the unit manager applies in delegation?
- A. In delegation facilitating professional growth and development of a staff is necessary.
- B. When delegating responsibility to a nursing staff, modification of standards of care is permitted.
- C. Delegation of responsibility in patient care has to start from top management to the staff-nurse level.
- D. Delegation requires responsibility with corresponding accountability of a staff-nurse.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In delegation, facilitating the professional growth and development of a staff is necessary because it allows team members to gain new skills and experience, leading to overall improved productivity and job satisfaction. This empowers staff and helps them feel more engaged in their work, ultimately benefiting the entire unit. Effective delegation should aim to support individuals in their roles, encourage learning, and build competence, rather than modifying standards of care or only delegating tasks without considering individual growth. Starting delegation from top management to staff-nurse level may not always be practical or efficient, as delegation should be based on competencies and responsibilities. Accountability is indeed a crucial aspect of delegation, as individuals should be held responsible for the tasks they are delegated. However, without providing opportunities for professional growth and development, delegation may not be as effective in achieving organizational goals.
Every pregnant woman preparing for labor and delivery have a birth plan. What is the Primary objective of a birth plan? It describes _________.
- A. The repertoire of comfort and relaxation measures
- B. Options on her wishes and preferences about her labor, delivery an puerperium
- C. The cultural and religious requirement related to care of mother, newborn
- D. Her psychosocial data that is necessary in her hospitalization
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary objective of a birth plan is to provide a pregnant woman the opportunity to outline her wishes and preferences regarding her labor, delivery, and postpartum care. It allows the mother-to-be to communicate her desires to the healthcare team in advance, ensuring that her preferences are considered and respected during the birthing process. A birth plan typically covers various aspects such as pain management options, who she wants present during labor, interventions she may want to avoid, plans for after birth care, and any other specific requests she may have. Ultimately, a birth plan aims to empower the woman to have a more personalized and satisfying birth experience by actively involving her in the decision-making process.
One GOOD nursing intervention of the nurse for Almira would be to do which of the following?
- A. Advise her to eat her meals.
- B. Put her on absolute bed rest.
- C. Take the vital signs q 4 hours.
- D. Advise her to take care of Jay.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct nursing intervention for Almira would be to advise her to eat her meals. This is important in promoting her health and well-being, especially if she has been neglecting her own nutrition due to stress or caring for her son, Jay. Providing proper nutrition is a basic aspect of nursing care that supports the overall health and recovery of the patient. By encouraging Almira to prioritize her own nutrition, the nurse can help ensure that she has the physical strength and energy needed to take care of herself and her son effectively.