Nokea
A patient presents with a yellowish-white spot on the cornea, surrounded by a ring of inflammation. Slit-lamp examination reveals branching, filamentous opacities extending from the corneal lesion. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?
- A. Herpes simplex keratitis
- B. Bacterial keratitis
- C. Fungal keratitis
- D. Acanthamoeba keratitis Dental, Alimentary, and Biliary
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The presentation described is consistent with fungal keratitis. Fungal keratitis typically presents with a yellowish-white spot on the cornea, surrounded by a ring of inflammation. The filamentous opacities seen on slit-lamp examination are characteristic of fungal hyphae extending from the corneal lesion. This condition is often associated with risk factors such as trauma with vegetable matter, contact lens wear, or topical corticosteroid use. Prompt diagnosis and treatment with antifungal medications are essential to prevent complications and preserve vision.
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The unit manager the planning to take her regular official business leave for the year. She has written a letter of recommendation to her Immediate supervisor for her assistant unit manager to assume her position while she is on leave. This is an example of delegation by _____.
- A. rank
- B. authority
- C. succession
- D. authority
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Delegation by succession is the act of assigning a specific task or responsibility to someone temporarily while the usual person in charge is absent or unavailable. In this scenario, the unit manager is delegating her responsibilities to her assistant unit manager while she is on leave, indicating a temporary transfer of duties. This allows for a smooth continuity of operations within the unit during the manager's absence.
Which of the following is a primary consideration in planning for her care?
- A. To prevent problems related to immobility
- B. To prevent infection
- C. Planning for client`s eventual inability communicate
- D. To prevent complications
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When planning for a client's care, a primary consideration is to prevent problems related to immobility. Immobility can lead to a range of complications such as pressure ulcers, muscle weakness, joint contractures, and decreased circulation. To maintain the client's overall health and well-being, it is essential to address mobility issues and implement strategies to prevent complications associated with immobility. By prioritizing interventions that promote movement and prevent immobility-related problems, the client's quality of life can be improved and potential health risks mitigated.
A patient with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is prescribed warfarin therapy. Which instruction is essential for the nurse to include in patient education about warfarin therapy?
- A. "Limit your intake of green leafy vegetables."
- B. "Avoid activities that may increase your risk of bleeding."
- C. "Take a double dose if you miss a dose to catch up."
- D. "Report any unusual bleeding or bruising to your healthcare provider."
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is essential for the nurse to instruct the patient to "Report any unusual bleeding or bruising to your healthcare provider." Warfarin is a medication that works by decreasing the clotting ability of the blood. This can increase the risk of bleeding, so it is important for the patient to be vigilant for any signs of abnormal bleeding. Prompt reporting of any unusual bleeding or bruising allows healthcare providers to adjust the dosage of warfarin to maintain a balance between preventing blood clots and minimizing the risk of bleeding complications. This instruction emphasizes the importance of close monitoring and communication with healthcare providers while on warfarin therapy.
A patient admitted to the ICU develops septic shock with refractory hypotension despite fluid resuscitation. Which intervention should the healthcare team prioritize to improve the patient's hemodynamic status?
- A. Administer vasopressor medications to increase systemic vascular resistance.
- B. Initiate continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for fluid removal.
- C. Perform a bedside echocardiogram to assess cardiac function.
- D. Recommend a transfusion of packed red blood cells to optimize oxygen delivery.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a patient with septic shock and refractory hypotension despite fluid resuscitation, the healthcare team should prioritize administering vasopressor medications to increase systemic vascular resistance. Vasopressors such as norepinephrine or vasopressin can be used to support blood pressure and perfusion to vital organs by constricting blood vessels and improving blood flow. By increasing systemic vascular resistance, vasopressors help to counteract the excessive vasodilation seen in septic shock and improve hemodynamic stability. It is crucial to address hypotension promptly in septic shock to prevent organ dysfunction and failure. Other interventions, such as fluid removal through continuous renal replacement therapy, assessing cardiac function with echocardiogram, or optimizing oxygen delivery through a transfusion of packed red blood cells, may be considered based on specific patient factors but do not address the primary issue of inadequate perf
A patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease is prescribed proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for ulcer healing. Which information is important for the nurse to include in patient education about PPI therapy?
- A. PPIs should be taken on an empty stomach.
- B. PPIs should be discontinued once symptoms resolve.
- C. PPIs may increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.
- D. PPIs should be taken with antacids for optimal effect.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: While proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly prescribed for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease to help heal ulcers and reduce acid production, it is important for the nurse to educate the patient about potential risks associated with PPI therapy. PPIs have been associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, especially in patients with a history of peptic ulcer disease. It is crucial for the patient to be aware of this risk and to take precautions, such as avoiding other medications that can increase bleeding risk and informing healthcare providers about any signs of bleeding, such as black stools or abdominal pain. Educating the patient about this potential adverse effect allows for early recognition and prompt intervention if necessary.