Adult Health Nursing Test Banks

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A patient presents with central obesity, moon face, buffalo hump, and purple striae. Laboratory tests reveal elevated cortisol levels. Which endocrine disorder is most likely responsible for these symptoms?

  • A. Hyperthyroidism
  • B. Hypothyroidism
  • C. Diabetes mellitus
  • D. Cushing's syndrome
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The patient's presentation of central obesity, moon face, buffalo hump, purple striae, and elevated cortisol levels strongly suggest Cushing's syndrome. Cushing's syndrome is a disorder characterized by excessive levels of cortisol, either due to an endogenous (e.g., adrenal tumor) or exogenous (e.g., prolonged steroid use) source. The classic physical features of Cushing's syndrome include central obesity with thin extremities (truncal obesity), moon face (rounding and reddening of the face), buffalo hump (accumulation of fat between the shoulders), and purple striae (stretch marks that are wide and purple in color). In the context of the elevated cortisol levels, these clinical signs are highly indicative of Cushing's syndrome. Hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and diabetes mellitus would not typically present with the specific combination of symptoms described.

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For Ms. C, which route for delivery of nutrition and fluid will be health care team try FIRST?

  • A. Gastrostomy tube
  • B. Nasogastric route
  • C. Oral route
  • D. Intravenous route
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The health care team will try the oral route first for Ms. C for delivering nutrition and fluid because it is the most natural and least invasive method. If the patient is able to tolerate oral intake and has adequate oral intake, it is typically the preferred route. Only if she is unable to meet her nutritional needs orally or has difficulty swallowing, then alternative routes such as nasogastric tube, gastrostomy tube, or intravenous routes may be considered. It's important to promote oral intake whenever possible to maintain the patient's quality of life and prevent complications associated with more invasive methods.

The patient has been ordered a regimen to treat a urinary tract infection and notifies the nurse that the patient's urine has turned an orange color. The nurse recognizes that the patient is most likely being treated with which drug?

  • A. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
  • B. Darifenacin hydrobromide (Enablex)
  • C. Bethanechol Cl (Urecholine))
  • D. Phenazopyridine HCl (Pyridium)
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Phenazopyridine HCl (Pyridium) is a medication commonly used to relieve the pain, burning, and discomfort associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs). One of the notable side effects of Phenazopyridine is the discoloration of urine, turning it a rusty-red or orange color. This color change is harmless and temporary, but it can be alarming to patients who are unaware of this side effect. Therefore, if a patient undergoing treatment for a UTI notices their urine has turned orange, it is most likely due to the administration of Phenazopyridine.

After 3 years being assigned in the Operating Room, Merle in interested to actively join which appropriate professional organization?

  • A. ORNAP
  • B. NLGN
  • C. ADPCN
  • D. APO
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: ORNAP stands for Operating Room Nurses Association of the Philippines, which is an appropriate professional organization for Merle to actively join after 3 years of experience in the Operating Room. ORNAP is dedicated to promoting professional growth and development, advancing the standards of perioperative nursing practice, and providing a platform for networking and collaboration among operating room nurses in the Philippines. By becoming a member of ORNAP, Merle can stay updated on the latest trends and best practices in perioperative nursing, participate in continuing education opportunities, and connect with colleagues in the same field to enhance her skills and knowledge.

Based on the 2017 demography report (July 2016 estimate), the Philippine population has reached:

  • A. 140 million
  • B. 102 million
  • C. 120 million
  • D. 85 million
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: According to the 2017 demography report based on the July 2016 estimate, the Philippine population was approximately 102 million. This data is derived from official census data and estimates made by the Philippine Statistics Authority. As of that time, the country's population had not reached 140 million, 120 million, or 85 million as the other options suggest.

Healthy physical development is dependent upon nutrition, brain development, muscle and bone. Which of the following is NOT APPROPRIATE for physical development of a pre schooler?

  • A. Sleeps 6 to 8 hours of sleep each day
  • B. Assists in brushing and flossing teeth
  • C. Gains 5 pounds per year
  • D. Eruption of the primary teeth
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: For a preschooler, it is recommended that they get more than 8 hours of sleep each day. Adequate sleep is crucial for their physical development, overall health, and cognitive function. Preschoolers typically need around 10-13 hours of sleep per day to support their growth and development. Getting less than the recommended amount of sleep can lead to issues such as behavioral problems, difficulty concentrating, and poor physical development. Therefore, ensuring that a preschooler gets enough sleep is vital for their physical well-being.

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