Nokea
A patient presents with multiple, flesh-colored, dome-shaped papules with a central umbilication on the face. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?
- A. Molluscum contagiosum
- B. Acne vulgaris
- C. Sebaceous hyperplasia
- D. Basal cell carcinoma
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Molluscum contagiosum is a viral skin infection caused by the poxvirus. It commonly presents as flesh-colored, dome-shaped papules with central umbilication on the face, trunk, and extremities. The central umbilication indicates the presence of a crater-like indentation in the center of the lesion. It is a benign condition and usually self-limited, but it can be persistent and contagious. Treatment options include cryotherapy, curettage, topical therapies, and observation. Acne vulgaris presents with comedones, papules, pustules, and nodules primarily on the face, chest, and back. Sebaceous hyperplasia is characterized by yellowish papules with central dell on the face. Basal cell carcinoma typically presents as a pearly papule with telangiectasias and may have ulceration or bleeding.
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Which should be emhpasize by the nurse in her health teachings
- A. Jogging a mile a day
- B. Vigourous exercise
- C. No need to diet
- D. Weight reduction
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Weight reduction is the most important focus in the health teachings provided by the nurse. Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for overall well-being and can significantly reduce the risk of various health conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. By emphasizing weight reduction, the nurse can help improve the patient's overall health and quality of life. Jogging a mile a day and vigorous exercise are beneficial for weight management, but it is important to address the root cause of potential health problems which in this case may be excess weight. Moreover, emphasizing the importance of weight reduction does not necessarily mean encouraging extreme dieting; instead, it involves promoting a balanced and healthy approach to eating and physical activity.
Sandy asks the nurse if her new joint will function normally. The nurse can BEST answer this by saying that the________.
- A. doctor will be able to assess your limitations in 6 weeks and then explain them to you
- B. new joint will function almost as well as a normal joint, if you perform your exercises faithfully
- C. new joint will be stronger than the old one if you exercise well
- D. new joint won't function as well as the new joint, but will be better than the arthritic joint
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse can assure Sandy that her new joint will function almost as well as a normal joint if she performs her exercises faithfully because post-joint replacement surgery recovery often involves physical therapy and exercises aimed at restoring strength and mobility to the affected joint. By following the recommended exercise regimen and post-operative care instructions, Sandy can improve the function of her new joint and achieve a good level of mobility and functionality, similar to that of a normal joint. It is important for Sandy to be diligent and committed to her rehabilitation process to maximize the benefits of the joint replacement surgery.
The nurse researcher is planning a research study that will use human subjects and their choice to participate in a specific treatment. The ethical principle that describes a prospective subject's freedom to choose whether or not to participate in the research study is what?
- A. Justice
- B. Confidentiality
- C. Beneficence
- D. Respect for persons
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Respect for persons is an ethical principle that emphasizes the autonomy and freedom of individuals to make their own decisions regarding participation in research studies. In the context of human subjects research, this principle requires that individuals have the right to choose whether or not to participate in a study, without any coercion or manipulation. The principle of respect for persons also includes the concept of informed consent, where individuals must be provided with all necessary information about the study in order to make an informed decision about participation. Overall, respecting the autonomy and choices of individuals is a fundamental aspect of ethical research conduct.
How can nurse contribute to the improvement of Maternal and Child Health (MCH) In the Philippines? One way is by knowing the 8 Millennium Development Goals. Which of the TWO of the 8 goals are VERY specific to MCH?
- A. Reduce child mortality and improve maternal health
- B. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger and achieve universal primary education
- C. Promote gender equality and empower women and global partnership for health
- D. Combat HIV/AIDS and ensure environmental sustainability
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Two of the 8 Millennium Development Goals that are very specific to Maternal and Child Health (MCH) are "Reduce child mortality" and "Improve maternal health." These goals focus directly on the well-being of mothers and children, aiming to decrease child mortality rates and enhance the health of pregnant women.
There are five criteria in prioritizing community health problems. If Nurse Maris is estimating the proportion of the population affected by the problem, she is using what criterion in prrioritization?
- A. Social concern
- B. Nature of the problem
- C. Magnitude of the problem
- D. Modifiability of the problem
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When Nurse Maris is estimating the proportion of the population affected by the problem, she is assessing the magnitude of the problem. The magnitude criterion involves determining the extent of the issue within the community, such as the number of individuals affected or at risk. By understanding the magnitude of a health problem, nurses can better prioritize their efforts to address the most pressing issues that affect a large portion of the population. This criterion helps in identifying which health problems have the highest impact and require immediate attention in order to improve community health outcomes.