Adult Health Nursing Quizlet Final

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A patient presents with multiple grouped vesicles on an erythematous base, affecting the genital area. The patient reports a history of similar lesions in the past, occurring during periods of stress. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?

  • A. Herpes simplex genitalis
  • B. Genital warts (condyloma acuminata)
  • C. Syphilis (chancre)
  • D. Molluscum contagiosum
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The presentation described, involving multiple grouped vesicles on an erythematous base in the genital area, is classic for herpes simplex genitalis. This condition is caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) and is characterized by recurrent outbreaks of painful vesicles in the genital or perianal area. The history of similar lesions occurring during periods of stress is also suggestive of herpes simplex virus reactivation. Genital warts (condyloma acuminata) typically present as painless, fleshy growths in the genital area caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). Syphilis manifests as a painless ulcer known as a chancre, which is not described in the presentation. Molluscum contagiosum presents with pearly, dome-shaped papules with central umbilication, rather than vesicles.

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A patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease is prescribed famotidine (Pepcid) for gastric acid suppression. Which instruction should the nurse include in patient education about famotidine therapy?

  • A. "Take famotidine on an empty stomach."
  • B. "Avoid taking antacids while on famotidine therapy."
  • C. "Increase your intake of spicy foods while taking famotidine."
  • D. "Notify your healthcare provider if you develop black, tarry stools."
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Famotidine belongs to a class of medications known as H2 blockers which work to reduce the production of stomach acid. Antacids, on the other hand, work by neutralizing stomach acid. Taking antacids in conjunction with famotidine can decrease the effectiveness of famotidine as they can interfere with its absorption. Therefore, it is important for the patient to avoid taking antacids while on famotidine therapy to ensure optimal treatment outcomes for gastric acid suppression.

The BEST result of health education process is

  • A. It influences and changes behavior
  • B. It provides new input
  • C. Update others
  • D. Information transfer
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The best result of a health education process is when it successfully influences and changes behaviors towards positive health outcomes. Providing new input, updating others, and information transfer are important components of health education, but the ultimate goal is to effect behavior change. When individuals are able to internalize and apply the knowledge gained from health education to make healthier choices in their daily lives, the process can be considered successful. Therefore, the most desirable outcome of health education is the behavioral change that leads to improved health and well-being.

Which of the following interventions is appropriate for managing a conscious patient with a severe nosebleed (epistaxis)?

  • A. Tilting the head back.
  • B. Pinching the soft part of the nose.
  • C. Packing the nose with cotton gauze.
  • D. Applying direct pressure to the forehead.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When managing a conscious patient with a severe nosebleed (epistaxis), the appropriate intervention is to have the patient sit upright and lean slightly forward to prevent blood from flowing into the throat and causing choking or swallowing. Pinching the soft part of the nose just below the bony part can help apply pressure to the bleeding vessel and stop the bleeding. This maneuver also helps compress the blood vessels in the nose, promoting clot formation and stopping the bleeding. It is important not to tilt the head back as this can cause blood to flow into the throat and potentially lead to swallowing, choking, or aspiration. Packing the nose with cotton gauze should be done by medical professionals if the bleeding does not stop with direct pressure. Applying direct pressure to the forehead is not effective for managing nosebleeds; pressure should be applied to the nostrils instead.

A pregnant woman presents with vaginal bleeding and passage of tissue at 10 weeks gestation. On examination, the cervix is dilated, and products of conception are visualized in the cervical os. Which of the following conditions is the most likely cause of these symptoms?

  • A. Ectopic pregnancy
  • B. Threatened abortion
  • C. Placenta previa
  • D. Complete abortion
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Complete abortion is the most likely cause of the symptoms described. In a complete abortion, all products of conception are expelled from the uterus. Symptoms include vaginal bleeding, passage of tissue, and dilation of the cervix. In this scenario, the presentation of a dilated cervix with visualized products of conception is classic for a complete abortion at 10 weeks gestation.

Which of the following gives cues to the nurse that the patient may be grieving for loss?

  • A. Thoughts, feelings , behavior, and physiologic complaints
  • B. Hallucination, panic 1evel of anxiety, sense of impending doom
  • C. Sad affect, anger anxiety, and sudden change of mood
  • D. Complaints of abdominal pain, diarrhea, loss of appetite
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A grieving individual may show a range of cues across different aspects of their life. Thoughts may include constant preoccupation with the loss, difficulties in concentrating, or intrusive thoughts. Feelings may involve sadness, anger, guilt, confusion, or relief. Behavioral cues may include changes in sleep patterns, appetite, energy levels, social withdrawal, or the use of substances. Physiologic complaints can manifest as headaches, stomach issues, fatigue, or other physical symptoms. Therefore, when a nurse observes cues related to thoughts, feelings, behavior, and physiologic complaints in a patient, it can suggest that the patient is grieving for a loss.

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