Nokea
A patient who has AIDS has been instructed on foods to eat to reduce the risk of infection. Which foods should the patient select that indicates correct understanding of this teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Rare meat
- B. Raw seafood
- C. Soft egg yolks
- D. Pasteurized milk
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pasteurized milk. This is because pasteurization kills harmful bacteria, making it safe for consumption by individuals with weakened immune systems like AIDS patients.
A: Rare meat and B: Raw seafood may contain harmful bacteria that can pose a risk of infection for AIDS patients.
C: Soft egg yolks may also contain harmful bacteria if not fully cooked, which can be dangerous for individuals with compromised immune systems.
In summary, pasteurized milk is the safest option as it eliminates the risk of bacterial contamination, while the other choices may increase the risk of infection for a patient with AIDS.
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The theory focuses on the mental processes is
- A. Behaviorism
- B. Cognitivism
- C. Humanism
- D. Social learning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cognitivism examines internal mental processes like memory and problem-solving.
A nurse worked at a hospital for several months, resigned, and then took a position at another hospital. In the new position, the nurse often volunteers to be the medication nurse. After several serious medication errors, an investigation reveals that the nurse was diverting patient narcotics for self-use. What early indicator of the nurse’s drug use was evident?
- A. Accepting responsibility for medication errors.
- B. Seeking to be assigned as the medication nurse.
- C. Frequent complaints of physical pain.
- D. High sociability with peers.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Seeking to be assigned as the medication nurse. This behavior is an early indicator of drug use because it provides the nurse with easier access to narcotics, which they may be seeking for self-use. By actively seeking out this responsibility, the nurse may have ulterior motives related to drug diversion.
Choice A is incorrect because accepting responsibility for medication errors is a common behavior among healthcare professionals and does not necessarily indicate drug use. Choice C, frequent complaints of physical pain, is also incorrect as it could be related to various health issues and not specifically drug use. Choice D, high sociability with peers, is not a direct indicator of drug use and does not provide any evidence of potential drug diversion.
he theorist who believes that children actively construct knowledge is
- A. Jean Piaget
- B. B.F. Skinner
- C. Albert Bandura
- D. John Dewey
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Piaget's constructivism posits that children actively build knowledge through interaction with their environment.
Ethnic minorities are often victims of stigmatization regarding their mental illnesses. The nurse initially addresses this potential problem by:
- A. Informing a client of his civil rights.
- B. Educating a client as to various available counseling services.
- C. Discussing with the client how family and friends are reacting to his illness.
- D. Helping the client develop the confidence to stand up for himself.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because discussing how family and friends are reacting to the client's illness helps identify potential sources of stigma and provides insight into the client's support system. This allows the nurse to address specific issues and provide appropriate interventions. Option A is incorrect as civil rights may not directly address stigma. Option B focuses on counseling services but doesn't directly address stigma. Option D addresses confidence but may not directly tackle the issue of stigma faced by ethnic minorities.
A patient was admitted 48 hours ago for injuries sustained while intoxicated. The patient is shaky, irritable, anxious, and diaphoretic. The pulse rate is 130 beats per minute. The patient shouts, 'Bugs are crawling on my bed. I’ve got to get out of here.' What is the most accurate assessment of the situation? The patient:
- A. is attempting to obtain attention by manipulating staff.
- B. may have sustained a head injury before admission.
- C. has symptoms of alcohol withdrawal delirium.
- D. is having a recurrence of an acute psychosis.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The patient has symptoms of alcohol withdrawal delirium. The presentation of shakiness, irritability, anxiety, diaphoresis, elevated heart rate, and hallucinations ('bugs are crawling on my bed') are classic signs of alcohol withdrawal delirium. Delirium tremens, a severe form of alcohol withdrawal, typically occurs 48-72 hours after the last drink and can be life-threatening. This patient's symptoms are consistent with the timeline and manifestations of alcohol withdrawal, requiring immediate medical intervention.
Incorrect answers:
A: Manipulating staff for attention is unlikely given the severity of the symptoms and the potential life-threatening nature of alcohol withdrawal delirium.
B: Head injury would not typically present with these specific symptoms and timeline.
D: Acute psychosis would not typically manifest with these specific symptoms in the context of alcohol intoxication and withdrawal.