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A patient who is 7 months pregnant states, "I'm worried that something will happen to my baby." Which is the nurse's best response?
- A. "Your baby is doing fin
- B. "Tell me about your concerns."
- C. "There is nothing to worry about."
- D. "The doctor is taking good care of you and your baby."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct response is C: "There is nothing to worry about." This answer acknowledges the patient's concerns while providing reassurance. By stating that there is nothing to worry about, the nurse addresses the patient's anxiety and helps alleviate her fears without dismissing them. Option A is too dismissive, B encourages the patient to share concerns but doesn't provide immediate reassurance, and D shifts the focus to the doctor instead of directly addressing the patient's worries.
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A woman who has completed one pregnancy with a fetus (or fetuses) reaching the stage of fetal viability is called a:
- A. primipara
- B. primigravida
- C. multipara
- D. nulligravida
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A primipara is a woman who has completed one pregnancy with a viable fetus. Primigravida refers to a woman pregnant for the first time.
To reassure and educate pregnant patients about changes in the uterus, nurses should be aware that:
- A. lightening occurs near the end of the second trimester as the uterus rises into a different position.
- B. the woman's increased urinary frequency in the first trimester is the result of exaggerated uterine anteflexion caused by softening.
- C. Braxton Hicks contractions become more painful in the third trimester, particularly if the woman tries to exercise.
- D. the uterine souffle is the movement of the fetus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The softening of the lower uterine segment is called Hegar's sign. Lightening occurs in the last 2 weeks of pregnancy, when the fetus descends.
A first-time mother at 18 weeks of gestation comes for her regularly scheduled prenatal visit. The patient tells the nurse that she is afraid that she is going into premature labor because she is beginning to have regular contractions. The nurse explains that this is the Braxton Hicks sign and teaches the patient that this type of contraction:
- A. is painless
- B. increases with walking
- C. causes cervical dilation
- D. impedes oxygen flow to the fetus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Braxton Hicks contractions are regular, painless, and do not cause cervical dilation or impede oxygen flow. They may cease with activity like walking.
Which findings are presumptive signs of pregnancy? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Quickening
- B. Amenorrhea
- C. Ballottement
- D. Goodell's sign
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Amenorrhea is a presumptive sign of pregnancy because it refers to the absence of menstrual periods, which is a common indicator of pregnancy. Quickening, Ballottement, and Goodell's sign are not considered presumptive signs of pregnancy as they are more likely to be classified as probable or positive signs of pregnancy. Quickening is the first fetal movements felt by the mother, Ballottement is the passive bouncing of the fetus during a physical examination, and Goodell's sign refers to softening of the cervix. These signs are more specific and typically appear later in pregnancy compared to amenorrhea.
To reassure and educate pregnant patients about changes in the uterus, nurses should be aware that:
- A. lightening occurs near the end of the second trimester as the uterus rises into a different position.
- B. the woman's increased urinary frequency in the first trimester is the result of exaggerated uterine anteflexion caused by softening.
- C. Braxton Hicks contractions become more painful in the third trimester,
particularly if the woman tries to exercise - D. the uterine souffle is the movement of the fetus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Increased urinary frequency in the first trimester is due to exaggerated uterine anteflexion caused by softening. This is because the growing uterus exerts pressure on the bladder, leading to the need for more frequent urination. This is a common physiological change in early pregnancy due to the hormonal effects on the pelvic floor muscles and bladder capacity.
A: Lightening typically occurs near the end of the third trimester, not the second trimester, as the baby drops lower into the pelvis in preparation for birth.
C: Braxton Hicks contractions are typically painless and irregular in the third trimester, not more painful. Pain with exercise could indicate preterm labor.
D: Uterine souffle refers to the sound of blood flow through the uterine arteries, not movement of the fetus.