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A patient who is just beginning to use homeopathy to treat depression is concerned because symptoms are actually becoming worse with increasing sadness, anxiety, and fatigue. The practitioner of homeopathy bases teaching on the Law of Cure and instructs the patient to:
- A. discontinue the therapy and seek another alternative therapy.
- B. concentrate the preparation to increase its potency in hopes to improve depressive symptoms.
- C. increase the dosage of the substance to increase its effectiveness.
- D. remain on the current regimen since worsening is a positive sign that healing is occurring.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: The Law of Cure in homeopathy states that symptoms improve in the reverse order of their appearance.
Step 2: The worsening of symptoms initially is known as a healing crisis or aggravation.
Step 3: By remaining on the current regimen, the patient allows the body to go through the healing process.
Step 4: This indicates that the body is responding to the remedy and working towards a deeper level of healing.
Step 5: Discontinuing therapy or increasing potency/dosage may disrupt this natural healing process.
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A physician has installed a computer-based patient records system. An outside care provider who requests medical information must obtain the patient's signed consent and then is assigned a password to gain access to the medical information. A monthly audit is conducted to determine for whom and for what purpose patient records have been accessed. This protection is referred to as:
- A. privacy.
- B. confidentiality.
- C. security.
- D. data capture.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: security. The scenario describes measures to protect the patient records system from unauthorized access, such as requiring consent, assigning passwords, and conducting audits. Security specifically refers to safeguarding information from unauthorized access, ensuring data integrity and availability. Privacy (A) is about controlling access to personal information, while confidentiality (B) is about keeping information private. Data capture (D) refers to the process of collecting data, not protecting it from unauthorized access. In this case, the focus is on security measures implemented to protect patient records, making it the most appropriate choice.
A nurse is evaluating Levin's Theory of Conservation to determine if it can be applied to patients in the initial phases of chemotherapy treatment. During this phase of theory acceptance, the nurse wants to determine if all the concepts of energy, structural integrity, personal integrity, and social integrity are included in the care of cancer treatment. The nurse is applying which criteria of theory acceptance?
- A. Inclusiveness
- B. Consistency
- C. Accuracy
- D. Fruitfulness
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Inclusiveness. In this scenario, the nurse is evaluating if Levin's Theory of Conservation includes all the concepts related to energy, structural integrity, personal integrity, and social integrity in the care of cancer treatment. Inclusiveness as a criterion of theory acceptance involves determining if a theory encompasses all relevant concepts and variables within a certain domain. By ensuring that all key components are addressed, the theory can be considered comprehensive and applicable to various situations.
Choice B: Consistency, refers to the internal logical coherence of a theory, which is not the focus of the nurse's evaluation in this case.
Choice C: Accuracy, pertains to the degree to which a theory accurately reflects reality, which is not directly related to the nurse's current evaluation.
Choice D: Fruitfulness, involves the ability of a theory to generate new research and insights, which is not the primary concern for the nurse's assessment of the theory's applicability to cancer treatment.
Studies conducted to determine enrollment trends in nursing schools have found that in the last years:
- A. a greater number of individuals chose nursing as a career but could not meet entrance requirements.
- B. more young people chose to enter the profession of nursing.
- C. fewer career opportunities exist in the profession of nursing and fewer opportunities are projected to exist for women.
- D. men have dominated the profession, and women feel that they have experienced discrimination.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it directly addresses the enrollment trends in nursing schools. The statement indicates that a greater number of individuals have chosen nursing as a career but could not meet entrance requirements, implying an increase in interest but a barrier to entry.
Explanation:
- Choice A directly relates to enrollment trends by highlighting an increase in interest but a challenge in meeting requirements.
- Choice B is incorrect as the question focuses on enrollment trends, not the age of individuals entering nursing.
- Choice C is incorrect as it suggests a decrease in career opportunities and projects a negative outlook for women, which is not supported by the question.
- Choice D is incorrect as it introduces a gender dynamic not mentioned in the question and does not address enrollment trends.
According to the unit's policy for call-ins, a nurse is suspended for 3 days because of excessive call-ins that occur within 15 minutes of shift change. The nurse states, "You are unfair to me." Which theory would disprove the nurse's statement?
- A. Authoritative
- B. Closed systems
- C. Open systems
- D. Trait
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Open systems. In an open system theory, organizations interact with their environment, adapting to changes and feedback. In this case, the nurse's repeated excessive call-ins affecting shift change demonstrate a lack of consideration for the team and patient care, disrupting the system's functioning. This theory emphasizes the interconnectedness and impact of individual actions on the entire system, refuting the nurse's claim of unfair treatment.
Summary:
A: Authoritative - Focuses on centralized decision-making authority, not relevant to addressing the nurse's behavior.
B: Closed systems - Operate independently without external influences, not applicable as the nurse's actions impact the system.
D: Trait - Focuses on individual characteristics, not addressing the systemic impact of the nurse's behavior.
A new mother is experiencing pain after delivering an infant with Down syndrome. The staff nurse states, "I don't think she is really hurting. Let the next shift give the pain medication." The team leader notices the staff nurse looks agitated and anxious and asks about any concerns in providing care to this new mom. The staff nurse admits having a stillborn infant with Down syndrome. This is an example of which component of communication?
- A. Personal perception
- B. Past experiences
- C. Filtration
- D. Preconceived idea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Past experiences. In this scenario, the staff nurse's past experience of having a stillborn infant with Down syndrome is influencing her perception and behavior towards the new mother. This past experience is shaping her emotions, thoughts, and actions, demonstrating how personal experiences can impact communication in healthcare settings. This highlights the importance of self-awareness and reflection to understand how past experiences can influence interactions with patients.
Incorrect choices:
A: Personal perception - While personal perception plays a role in communication, the key factor in this scenario is the staff nurse's past experience, not just her perception.
C: Filtration - Filtration refers to the process of selectively interpreting information. In this case, the staff nurse's behavior is more influenced by her past experience rather than selective filtering of information.
D: Preconceived idea - While the staff nurse may have preconceived ideas about individuals with Down syndrome due to her past experience, the primary focus is on her past experience itself rather