ATI Learning System PN Medical Surgical Final Quizlet

ATI Learning System PN Medical Surgical Final Quizlet Related

Review ATI Learning System PN Medical Surgical Final Quizlet related questions and content

A patient who is receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer develops thrombocytopenia. What should the nurse include in the care plan?

  • A. Encourage light exercise.
  • B. Avoid intramuscular injections.
  • C. Do not administer aspirin.
  • D. Use a soft toothbrush for oral care.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid intramuscular injections. Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by low platelet count, which can lead to impaired blood clotting. Intramuscular injections can cause bleeding and bruising due to the decreased ability of blood to clot. Therefore, it is crucial to avoid invasive procedures like intramuscular injections to prevent excessive bleeding in patients with thrombocytopenia. Encouraging light exercise (choice A) can be beneficial for overall health but may not directly address the risk of bleeding. Avoiding aspirin (choice C) is important as it can further increase the risk of bleeding. Using a soft toothbrush for oral care (choice D) is a good practice, but it does not directly address the risk associated with intramuscular injections in patients with thrombocytopenia.

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Which problem in a client requires the most immediate intervention by the nurse?

  • A. Finger paresthesias related to carpal tunnel syndrome.
  • B. Increasing sharp pain related to compartment syndrome.
  • C. Increasing burning pain related to a Morton's neuroma.
  • D. Increasing sharp pain related to plantar fasciitis.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Compartment syndrome is a medical emergency that can lead to tissue damage and loss of limb function. Immediate intervention is crucial to prevent further complications. Finger paresthesias related to carpal tunnel syndrome (A) are not life-threatening and can be managed conservatively. Morton's neuroma (C) and plantar fasciitis (D) are painful conditions, but they do not pose an immediate threat to the client's health or limb function.

The client is receiving intravenous (IV) morphine for pain control. Which assessment finding requires the most immediate intervention?

  • A. Drowsiness.
  • B. Itching.
  • C. Nausea.
  • D. Respiratory rate of 8 breaths per minute.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Respiratory rate of 8 breaths per minute. A respiratory rate of 8 breaths per minute indicates respiratory depression, a serious side effect of morphine that can lead to respiratory arrest. Immediate intervention is crucial to prevent further complications, such as hypoxia and respiratory failure. Drowsiness, itching, and nausea are common side effects of morphine but are not life-threatening like respiratory depression. Monitoring and managing respiratory status is the top priority to ensure the client's safety and well-being.

A patient with hyperthyroidism is to receive radioactive iodine therapy. What information should the nurse include in the patient teaching plan?

  • A. Avoid close contact with pregnant women for one week.
  • B. Take iodine supplement daily.
  • C. Restrict fluid intake to 1 liter per day.
  • D. Use disposable utensils for all meals.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The rationale is that radioactive iodine therapy can harm a developing fetus, so patients should avoid close contact with pregnant women for one week. Choice B is incorrect as iodine supplements can interfere with the therapy. Choice C is incorrect as fluid intake should not be restricted unless specifically advised by the healthcare provider. Choice D is incorrect as there is no need to use disposable utensils for all meals.

An adolescent patient seeks care in the emergency department after sharing needles for heroin injection with a friend who has hepatitis B. To provide immediate protection from infection, what medication will the nurse administer?

  • A. Corticosteroids
  • B. Gamma globulin
  • C. Hepatitis B vaccine
  • D. Fresh frozen plasma
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gamma globulin. Gamma globulin contains antibodies that can provide immediate passive immunity against hepatitis B virus. Administering corticosteroids (A) would not protect against hepatitis B infection. Hepatitis B vaccine (C) is used for prevention, not immediate protection. Fresh frozen plasma (D) does not contain specific antibodies against hepatitis B.

A client with a new diagnosis of myasthenia gravis is prescribed pyridostigmine (Mestinon). Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching?

  • A. Take the medication with food to prevent gastrointestinal upset.
  • B. Take the medication 30 minutes before meals.
  • C. Avoid dairy products while taking this medication.
  • D. Take the medication at bedtime.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Take the medication 30 minutes before meals. Pyridostigmine is a cholinesterase inhibitor used to treat myasthenia gravis by improving muscle strength. Taking it before meals helps optimize its effects when muscle strength is needed the most during eating. Taking it with food (A) may delay absorption. Avoiding dairy products (C) is not necessary with pyridostigmine. Taking the medication at bedtime (D) may not be optimal for addressing muscle weakness during meal times.

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