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A patient with anemia is prescribed ferrous sulfate. What advice should the nurse give regarding the administration of this medication?
- A. Take with dairy products to increase absorption.
- B. Take on an empty stomach for best absorption.
- C. Avoid vitamin C while taking this medication.
- D. Take before bedtime.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Take on an empty stomach for best absorption. Ferrous sulfate is best absorbed on an empty stomach to maximize its effectiveness. When taken with food or dairy products (Choice A), the absorption of iron is reduced. Vitamin C actually enhances the absorption of iron, so avoiding it (Choice C) is not recommended. Taking the medication before bedtime (Choice D) may lead to gastrointestinal side effects and is not optimal for absorption.
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A patient with hyperthyroidism is to receive radioactive iodine therapy. What information should the nurse include in the patient teaching plan?
- A. Avoid close contact with pregnant women for one week.
- B. Take iodine supplement daily.
- C. Restrict fluid intake to 1 liter per day.
- D. Use disposable utensils for all meals.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The rationale is that radioactive iodine therapy can harm a developing fetus, so patients should avoid close contact with pregnant women for one week. Choice B is incorrect as iodine supplements can interfere with the therapy. Choice C is incorrect as fluid intake should not be restricted unless specifically advised by the healthcare provider. Choice D is incorrect as there is no need to use disposable utensils for all meals.
A patient with a diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease is prescribed omeprazole. When should the patient take this medication for optimal effectiveness?
- A. With meals
- B. At bedtime
- C. Before meals
- D. After meals
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Before meals. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that works by reducing stomach acid production. Taking it before meals allows the medication to be most effective in inhibiting the proton pumps before they are stimulated by food intake. This timing optimizes the drug's ability to reduce acid secretion during the digestion process.
Choice A (With meals) is incorrect because taking omeprazole with meals may reduce its effectiveness as it will not have enough time to inhibit acid production before food intake. Choice B (At bedtime) is also incorrect as omeprazole works best when taken before meals to prevent acid production. Choice D (After meals) is incorrect because waiting until after meals to take omeprazole means that acid production has already been stimulated by the food consumed, reducing the drug's effectiveness in inhibiting acid secretion.
A patient who is receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer develops thrombocytopenia. What should the nurse include in the care plan?
- A. Encourage light exercise.
- B. Avoid intramuscular injections.
- C. Do not administer aspirin.
- D. Use a soft toothbrush for oral care.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid intramuscular injections. Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by low platelet count, which can lead to impaired blood clotting. Intramuscular injections can cause bleeding and bruising due to the decreased ability of blood to clot. Therefore, it is crucial to avoid invasive procedures like intramuscular injections to prevent excessive bleeding in patients with thrombocytopenia. Encouraging light exercise (choice A) can be beneficial for overall health but may not directly address the risk of bleeding. Avoiding aspirin (choice C) is important as it can further increase the risk of bleeding. Using a soft toothbrush for oral care (choice D) is a good practice, but it does not directly address the risk associated with intramuscular injections in patients with thrombocytopenia.
A patient with tuberculosis is started on rifampin. What advice should the nurse provide?
- A. Limit intake of green leafy vegetables.
- B. Expect orange-red discoloration of body fluids.
- C. Avoid exposure to sunlight.
- D. Take the medication with antacids.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Expect orange-red discoloration of body fluids. Rifampin is known to cause a harmless side effect of discoloration of body fluids, such as urine, sweat, saliva, and tears, turning them orange-red. This is a common occurrence and should be expected by the patient.
Incorrect choices:
A: Limit intake of green leafy vegetables - This advice is not necessary with rifampin.
C: Avoid exposure to sunlight - There is no direct association between rifampin and sunlight exposure.
D: Take the medication with antacids - Rifampin should not be taken with antacids as they can interfere with its absorption.
In summary, the correct answer is B because it aligns with a known side effect of rifampin, while the other choices are not relevant to the medication.
During an assessment, a healthcare professional suspects a client has cholecystitis. What is a common symptom of this condition?
- A. Right upper quadrant pain
- B. Left lower quadrant pain
- C. Generalized abdominal pain
- D. Epigastric pain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Right upper quadrant pain. Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, typically caused by gallstones. The gallbladder is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, so pain in this area is a common symptom. The pain may also radiate to the back or right shoulder. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not typically align with the specific location of the gallbladder or the characteristic pain associated with cholecystitis.