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A patient whose spouse died 1 year earlier complains of feeling overwhelmingly lonely and has withdrawn from interpersonal interactions. The patient is demonstrating what stage of dying according to Kübler-Ross's stages of dying theory?
- A. Anger
- B. Denial
- C. Depression
- D. Bargaining
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When experiencing depression, the individual feels overwhelmingly lonely and withdraws from interpersonal interaction.
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What is the first thing the nurse should do before involving the family in the care of a dying patient?
- A. Ask the patient if he or she wants family care.
- B. Ask family members if they want to assist with care.
- C. Check the hospital policy on the family giving care.
- D. Set a caring example.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ascertaining whether the family wants to assist in the patient's daily care will clarify what the family members are comfortable doing.
How does a perceived loss differ from an actual loss?
- A. A perceived loss is more quickly resolved.
- B. A perceived loss is situational.
- C. A perceived loss is easily overlooked.
- D. A perceived loss has a superficial response.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Perceived losses are easily overlooked.
Following the death of a day-old infant the nurse brings the baby to the parents. What is the rationale for the parents' visit with the deceased baby?
- A. Bond with the family.
- B. Reinforce the individuality of the baby.
- C. Generate preparation for another child.
- D. Make the death a reality.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When possible, the parents should see, touch, and hold the infant to cope better with the reality of the death.
After a health care provider in the emergency department has pronounced a 2-year-old dead following a swimming pool accident the mother tearfully says to the father "I am so sorry. I am so sorry." What is the mother expressing?
- A. Fear
- B. Guilt
- C. Hostility
- D. Grief
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Parents often harbor extreme guilt in an "out of sequence death."
How is a durable power of attorney helpful to an incapacitated patient?
- A. It directs treatment in accordance with the patient's wishes.
- B. It directs an agent to make health care decisions.
- C. It gives power to an agent to make decisions regarding health property and other assets.
- D. It can only be executed by an attorney.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The durable power of attorney gives an agent the power to make health care decisions. It can be executed by anyone and does not extend beyond health care issues. A living will directs treatment according to the patient's wishes.