Nokea
A patient will be receiving docusate sodium, 120 mg/day PO, divided into 3 doses. Identify how many milligrams will this patient receive per dose.
Correct Answer: 40 mg
Rationale: 120 mg/day ?· 3 doses/day = 40 mg.
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A patient is taking linaclotide to treat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The nurse will monitor this patient for which adverse effect?
- A. Chest pain
- B. Chronic constipation
- C. Abdominal pain
- D. Elevated blood glucose levels
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Common adverse effects of linaclotide (Linzess) are diarrhea, abdominal pain, and flatulence. Elevated blood glucose levels, chest pain, and chronic constipation are not adverse effects of linaclotide.
A patient has been treated with alosetron for severe irritable bowel syndrome for 2 weeks. She calls the clinic and tells the nurse that she has been experiencing constipation for 3 days. The nurse will take which action?
- A. Advise the patient to increase intake of fluids and fiber.
- B. Advise the patient to hold the drug for 2 days.
- C. Instruct the patient to stop taking the drug and to come to the clinic right away to be evaluated.
- D. Instruct the patient to continue the alosetron and to take milk of magnesia for the constipation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alosetron must be discontinued immediately if constipation or signs of ischemic colitis occur. The other options are incorrect.
A patient asks the nurse about the difference between diphenoxylate with atropine and the over-the-counter drug loperamide (Imodium). Which response by the nurse is correct?
- A. Lomotil acts faster than Imodium.
- B. Imodium does not cause physical dependence.
- C. Lomotil is available in suppository form.
- D. Imodium is a natural antidiarrheal drug.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Although the drug exhibits many characteristics of the opiate class, physical dependence on loperamide has not been reported. All antidiarrheal drugs are orally administered. The other options are incorrect.
A patient will be taking bismuth subsalicylate to control diarrhea. When reviewing the patient's other ordered medications, the nurse recognizes that which medication or medication class will interact significantly with this drug?
- A. Hypoglycemic drugs
- B. Antibiotics
- C. Acetaminophen
- D. Antidepressants
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Taking hypoglycemic drugs with an adsorbent such as bismuth subsalicylate may result in decreased absorption of the hypoglycemic drugs. The other options are incorrect.
A patient is receiving lactulose three times a day. The nurse knows that the patient is not constipated and is receiving this drug for which reason?
- A. High ammonia levels due to liver failure
- B. Prevention of constipation
- C. Chronic renal failure
- D. Chronic diarrhea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lactulose produces a laxative effect but also works to reduce blood ammonia levels by converting ammonia to ammonium. Ammonium is a water-soluble cation that is trapped in the intestines and cannot be reabsorbed into the systemic circulation. This effect has proved helpful in reducing elevated serum ammonia levels in patients with severe liver disease. The other options are incorrect.