Nokea
A patient with a bleeding disorder is prescribed an infusion of plasma. What should the nurse explain as being the purpose of this infusion?
- A. Contains clotting factors
- B. Carries oxygen to the tissues
- C. Supports cellular metabolism
- D. Removes waste products from cells
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Contains clotting factors. Plasma contains essential clotting factors like fibrinogen, Factor VIII, and others that are necessary for blood clotting in patients with bleeding disorders. This infusion helps improve the patient's ability to form blood clots and control bleeding.
B: Plasma does not carry oxygen to tissues; that is the role of red blood cells.
C: Plasma does not directly support cellular metabolism; that is the function of nutrients.
D: Plasma does not remove waste products from cells; that is the role of the kidneys and liver.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which of the following is the most suitable anti malarial drug for pregnant women?
- A. Atovaquone and proguanil
- B. Quinine and doxycycline
- C. Quinine and clindamycin
- D. Primaquine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Quinine and clindamycin. Quinine is considered safe for use in pregnancy to treat malaria, as it has been used for many years without significant adverse effects. Clindamycin is also safe for use in pregnancy and can be used in combination with quinine to treat malaria. Atovaquone and proguanil (choice A) are not recommended for use in pregnancy due to limited safety data. Quinine and doxycycline (choice B) is not suitable for pregnant women as doxycycline is contraindicated during pregnancy. Primaquine (choice D) is not recommended for use during pregnancy as it can cause harm to the fetus.
All produce microcytic anemia except:
- A. sideroblastic an.
- B. thalassemia
- C. pernicious anemia
- D. lead poisoning
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, pernicious anemia. Pernicious anemia is a macrocytic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency affecting red blood cell production. Sideroblastic anemia (A), thalassemia (B), and lead poisoning (D) can all lead to microcytic anemia due to different mechanisms such as impaired hemoglobin synthesis or red blood cell destruction. Pernicious anemia, on the other hand, is not associated with microcytosis.
A hospitalized client has a platelet count of 58,000/mm3 (58 × 109/L). What action by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. Encourage high-protein foods.
- B. Institute neutropenic precautions.
- C. Limit visitors to healthy adults.
- D. Place the client on safety precautions.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Place the client on safety precautions. A platelet count of 58,000/mm3 is considered low (normal range is 150,000-450,000/mm3). This places the client at risk for bleeding. Safety precautions involve preventing injuries that could lead to bleeding, such as falls, bumps, or cuts. This is crucial to prevent complications like spontaneous bleeding. Encouraging high-protein foods (choice A) is important for overall health but not directly related to managing low platelet count. Neutropenic precautions (choice B) are for clients with low white blood cell counts, not low platelet counts. Limiting visitors (choice C) to healthy adults is important for infection control but not directly related to preventing bleeding in a client with low platelet count.
A patient with a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is being treated with induction therapy on the oncology unit. What nursing action should be prioritized in the patient's care plan?
- A. Protective isolation and vigilant use of standard precautions
- B. Provision of a high-calorie, low-texture diet and appropriate oral hygiene
- C. Including the family in planning the patient's activities of daily living
- D. Monitoring and treating the patient's pain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Protective isolation and vigilant use of standard precautions. This is the priority because patients with AML are at high risk for infections due to compromised immune systems. Isolation and strict infection control measures help prevent exposure to pathogens. B is incorrect as the main priority is infection prevention, not diet. C is incorrect as involving the family is important but not the priority. D is incorrect as pain monitoring is important but not the priority in this case.
Which of the following is associated with normocytic normochromic anaemia?
- A. Iron deficiency
- B. Primaquine
- C. Pregnancy
- D. Sickle cell disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Normocytic normochromic anemia is characterized by normal-sized red blood cells with normal hemoglobin content. Pregnancy is associated with this type of anemia due to increased blood volume and iron demands. Iron deficiency anemia (choice A) is typically microcytic hypochromic. Primaquine (choice B) is not known to cause normocytic normochromic anemia. Sickle cell disease (choice D) results in hemolytic anemia with abnormal red blood cell morphology. Thus, the correct answer is C as it aligns with the characteristics of normocytic normochromic anemia.