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A patient with a history of asthma is prescribed an inhaled corticosteroid. Which adverse effect is associated with long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids?
- A. Oral thrush
- B. Hypertension
- C. Hyperglycemia
- D. Osteoporosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Osteoporosis. Long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids can lead to decreased bone density and an increased risk of osteoporosis. Corticosteroids can interfere with calcium absorption and bone formation, resulting in bone weakening. Oral thrush (Choice A) is a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids, but it is not associated with long-term use. Hypertension (Choice B) and hyperglycemia (Choice C) are more commonly seen with systemic corticosteroid use rather than inhaled corticosteroids.
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A nurse is teaching a patient about medication adherence. What approach by the nurse promotes patient empowerment and active participation in self-care?
- A. Providing written instructions and expecting compliance
- B. Demonstrating medication administration techniques
- C. Encouraging the patient to ask questions and express concerns
- D. Directing the patient to follow the healthcare provider's instructions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because encouraging the patient to ask questions and express concerns promotes patient empowerment and active participation in self-care. This approach fosters communication, understanding, and collaboration between the nurse and patient, leading to better medication adherence. Choice A is incorrect as it lacks patient involvement. Choice B is helpful but does not necessarily empower the patient. Choice D is directive and does not encourage active participation or empowerment.
To begin your discussion, you explain to her that the endocrine glands include, which of the following?
- A. Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreaticislets, and hypothalamus
- B. Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, pancreatic islets, ovaries, and testes
- C. Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals and pancreatic islets
- D. Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreatic islets, ovaries and testes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it includes all the major endocrine glands: pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreatic islets, and hypothalamus. The pituitary gland is known as the "master gland" as it controls other endocrine glands. The thyroid gland regulates metabolism, while the parathyroid glands regulate calcium levels. The adrenal glands produce hormones involved in stress response. Pancreatic islets produce insulin and glucagon. The hypothalamus plays a key role in hormone regulation.
Choice B is incorrect because it includes ovaries and testes, which are not endocrine glands. Choice C is incorrect because it omits the hypothalamus. Choice D is incorrect because it includes ovaries and testes which are not endocrine glands.
When patient record reach the Medical Records, the assigned staff will _____.
- A. store the charts in their respective shelves
- B. separate the medico-legal charts
- C. check the completeness of the charting of the doctors and nurses
- D. bind the chart immediately
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because checking the completeness of the charting by doctors and nurses ensures that all necessary information is accurately documented, facilitating proper patient care and treatment. This step helps identify any missing or incorrect information that may impact patient safety.
A: Storing the charts in respective shelves is a routine task that does not involve verifying the accuracy or completeness of the information.
B: Separating medico-legal charts is important but does not directly address the completeness of charting by doctors and nurses.
D: Binding the charts immediately is not necessary before ensuring the completeness and accuracy of the information documented.
Nurse Sarah reads the physician's prescription to administer methylergonovine maleate (Methergin) intramuscularly after delivery. The rationale for giving this medication is which of the following?
- A. Reduces the amount of lochia drainage.
- B. Prevents postpartum hemorrhage.
- C. Decreases uterine contractions.
- D. Maintains normal blood pressure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prevents postpartum hemorrhage. Methylergonovine maleate is a uterotonic medication used to prevent and treat postpartum hemorrhage by causing strong uterine contractions, which help to control bleeding after delivery. It is not used to reduce lochia drainage (choice A), decrease uterine contractions (choice C), or maintain normal blood pressure (choice D). By understanding the pharmacological action of methylergonovine maleate in preventing postpartum hemorrhage, we can confidently select choice B as the correct answer.
The 1icensure examination which is administered by the Professional Regulation Commission, Board of Nursing is given to ______.
- A. apply the theory earned from classroom to practice settings
- B. protect the public from incompetent practitioners
- C. apply the scope of nursing practice
- D. demonstrate expected competency standards
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the licensure examination aims to assess if candidates meet the expected competency standards to practice nursing safely and effectively. This process ensures that only qualified individuals enter the profession, maintaining high standards of care. Choice A is incorrect because the exam goes beyond applying theory to include practical skills. Choice B is incorrect as protecting the public is the outcome of ensuring competency. Choice C is incorrect as the exam evaluates the full scope of nursing practice, not just its application.