Adult Health Nursing Quizlet Final

Adult Health Nursing Quizlet Final Related

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A patient with a history of coronary artery disease is prescribed aspirin for antiplatelet therapy. Which information is important for the nurse to include in patient education about aspirin therapy?

  • A. "Take aspirin with a full glass of milk to minimize gastrointestinal upset."
  • B. "Avoid using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) while taking aspirin."
  • C. "Discontinue aspirin therapy if you develop a fever."
  • D. "Take aspirin on an empty stomach for better absorption."
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct information for the nurse to include in patient education about aspirin therapy is to advise the patient to avoid using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) while taking aspirin. NSAIDs can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding when taken along with aspirin, which is already a blood-thinning medication due to its antiplatelet effects. Patients with coronary artery disease are typically prescribed aspirin for its antiplatelet properties to prevent blood clot formation in the arteries. Avoiding NSAIDs will help reduce the risk of gastrointestinal complications and ensure the effectiveness of aspirin therapy in preventing cardiovascular events. Taking aspirin with a full glass of milk (Option A) is not a necessary instruction for aspirin therapy. Discontinuing aspirin therapy if a patient develops a fever (Option C) is not a standard practice unless advised by a healthcare provider. Taking aspir

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A patient presents with a thyroid nodule and signs of hyperthyroidism. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy reveals granulomatous inflammation and multinucleated giant cells. Which endocrine disorder is most likely responsible for these symptoms?

  • A. Hashimoto's thyroiditis
  • B. Graves' disease
  • C. Subacute thyroiditis
  • D. Thyroid nodules
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Subacute thyroiditis is an inflammatory disorder of the thyroid gland that causes gland destruction and release of pre-formed thyroid hormone leading to hyperthyroidism. The fine-needle aspiration biopsy findings of granulomatous inflammation and multinucleated giant cells are characteristic of subacute thyroiditis. This condition typically presents with a painful, tender thyroid gland and may be preceded by a viral illness. Unlike Graves' disease, which is an autoimmune disorder resulting in hyperthyroidism with diffuse goiter and positive thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins, subacute thyroiditis is typically self-limited and resolves spontaneously without the need for long-term treatment.

For a client having an episode of acute narrow-angle glaucoma, a nurse expects to give which of the following medications?

  • A. Acetazolamide (Diamox )
  • B. Furosemide (Lasix)
  • C. Atropine
  • D. Urokinase (Abbokinase)
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Acute narrow-angle glaucoma is a medical emergency that requires timely intervention to reduce intraocular pressure. Acetazolamide (Diamox) is a medication commonly used to treat this condition as it works as a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, reducing the production of aqueous humor in the eye. By reducing the production of aqueous humor, acetazolamide helps decrease intraocular pressure rapidly, which is crucial in managing acute narrow-angle glaucoma. Other options listed, such as Furosemide (Lasix), Atropine, and Urokinase (Abbokinase), are not typically used in the treatment of acute narrow-angle glaucoma.

Nurse Victor assesses patient Mil. Decrease of which the following factors would help detect that the patient is at risk at developing cardiogenic shock?

  • A. Heart rate
  • B. Cardiac index
  • C. Cerebral blood flow
  • D. Blood pressure
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Cardiogenic shock is a life-threatening condition where the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's demands. Monitoring the patient's cardiac index, which is a measure of cardiac output adjusted for body surface area, can help detect the risk of developing cardiogenic shock. A decrease in cardiac index would indicate a decrease in the heart's ability to effectively pump blood, putting the patient at risk for cardiogenic shock. Monitoring cardiac index is essential in assessing cardiac function and guiding interventions to prevent the progression to cardiogenic shock. The other factors listed may provide important information in assessing the patient's condition, but specifically in detecting the risk of developing cardiogenic shock, monitoring the cardiac index is crucial.

The attending physician ordered a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to patient Sarah in order to validate the medical impression. This imaging technique is done to detect _________.

  • A. hemorrhagic injury in the brain
  • B. electrical impulse in the brain
  • C. level of oxygen in the brain
  • D. non-hemorrhagic injury in the brain
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a specialized medical imaging technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the organs and tissues within the body. In the context of the scenario provided, an MRI is ordered by the attending physician to validate the medical impression.

A nurse is caring for a patient with limited mobility and is planning interventions to prevent pressure injuries. What action by the nurse demonstrates evidence-based practice in pressure injury prevention?

  • A. Applying moisturizing lotion to the patient's skin daily
  • B. Turning and repositioning the patient every 2 hours
  • C. Placing the patient on an alternating pressure mattress
  • D. Massaging the bony prominences to improve circulation
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Placing the patient on an alternating pressure mattress demonstrates evidence-based practice in pressure injury prevention. Alternating pressure mattresses are designed to change pressure points by alternating pressure across different parts of the body, reducing the risk of pressure injuries. Regularly turning and repositioning the patient (Choice B) is also important in preventing pressure injuries, but an alternating pressure mattress provides additional support and prevention measures. Applying moisturizing lotion (Choice A) and massaging bony prominences (Choice D) may be beneficial for skin care, but they are not proven strategies for pressure injury prevention.

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