Nokea
A patient with a history of hypertension is admitted for chest pain. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take first?
- A. Obtain a detailed medical history
- B. Administer nitroglycerin
- C. Conduct an ECG
- D. Administer morphine sulfate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer nitroglycerin. Nitroglycerin is the priority intervention for a patient presenting with chest pain as it helps dilate blood vessels, reduce chest pain, and improve oxygen supply to the heart. Obtaining a detailed medical history, conducting an ECG, or administering morphine sulfate are important steps in the assessment and treatment process but are secondary to the immediate need to address chest pain and potential cardiac ischemia.
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A nurse is preparing to administer medications to four clients. The nurse should administer medications to which client first?
- A. A client who has pneumonia and a WBC count of 11,500/mm3 prescribed piperacillin
- B. A client who has renal failure and a serum potassium of 5.8 mEq/L prescribed sodium polystyrene sulfonate
- C. A client who is post-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) prescribed atorvastatin
- D. A client who has anemia and a hemoglobin level of 11g/dL prescribed epoetin alfa
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The client with renal failure and high potassium levels requires immediate attention because hyperkalemia can lead to life-threatening cardiac complications. Administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate helps lower the potassium levels. Choice A, the client with pneumonia and a high WBC count, although important, does not present an immediate life-threatening condition. Choice C, the post-CABG client prescribed atorvastatin, and Choice D, the client with anemia and a hemoglobin level of 11g/dL prescribed epoetin alfa, do not require immediate intervention compared to managing hyperkalemia in a client with renal failure.
A nurse at a provider's office is providing teaching to a client who is taking chemotherapy and losing weight. Which of the following should the nurse recommend to increase calorie and protein intake? (SATA)
- A. Top fruits with yogurt
- B. Add cream to soups
- C. Increase fluids during meals
- D. Use milk instead of water in recipes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Topping fruits with yogurt is the correct recommendation to increase calorie and protein intake for a client on chemotherapy who is losing weight. Yogurt is a good source of protein and adding it to fruits can provide additional calories as well. Choice B, adding cream to soups, may increase calorie intake but does not specifically address protein needs. Choice C, increasing fluids during meals, is important for hydration but does not directly address calorie and protein intake. Choice D, using milk instead of water in recipes, may increase calorie content but does not focus on increasing protein intake, which is essential for clients on chemotherapy.
A nurse manager is discussing electronic medical records with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to maintain client confidentiality?
- A. Log out of the computer terminal before leaving.
- B. Share passwords for computer access with colleagues.
- C. Change computer access passwords on a regular basis.
- D. Avoid accessing information about clients admitted to other units.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Log out of the computer terminal before leaving. Logging out before leaving the computer terminal is crucial to ensuring patient data remains confidential and to prevent unauthorized access. Choice B is incorrect because sharing passwords compromises confidentiality. Choice C is incorrect as changing passwords regularly, although a good practice for security, is not directly related to maintaining client confidentiality. Choice D is incorrect as it does not address the immediate concern of maintaining client confidentiality through proper access to electronic medical records.
A healthcare professional is assessing a client 15 minutes after administering morphine sulfate 2 mg via IV push. The healthcare professional should identify which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the medication?
- A. Drowsy but responsive when her name is called
- B. SaO2 94%
- C. Respiratory rate 8/min
- D. Pain level of 6 on a scale from 0 to 10
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A respiratory rate of 8/min is a significant adverse effect of morphine that indicates respiratory depression, which requires immediate intervention to prevent further complications. The client may not be effectively ventilating, leading to hypoxia and respiratory acidosis. Option A is less concerning as being drowsy but responsive is a common side effect of morphine. Option B indicates decreased oxygen saturation, which is also a concern but not as severe as respiratory depression. Option D is important but not as critical as the potential respiratory compromise indicated by the low respiratory rate.
Which of the following best describes a somatic symptom disorder?
- A. Client experiences sudden onset of symptoms due to stress
- B. Physical manifestations occur due to underlying medical conditions
- C. Client has excessive preoccupation with physical symptoms without a medical cause
- D. Client avoids medical care due to fear of receiving a diagnosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Somatic symptom disorder is characterized by individuals having excessive preoccupation with physical symptoms that may or may not have an identifiable medical cause. Choice A is incorrect because the sudden onset of symptoms due to stress is more indicative of acute stress reaction. Choice B is incorrect as it describes physical manifestations related to known medical conditions, not somatic symptom disorder. Choice D is incorrect as it relates to health anxiety or illness anxiety disorder, where individuals avoid seeking medical care due to fear of receiving a diagnosis.