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A patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease is prescribed famotidine (Pepcid) for gastric acid suppression. Which instruction should the nurse include in patient education about famotidine therapy?
- A. "Take famotidine on an empty stomach."
- B. "Avoid taking antacids while on famotidine therapy."
- C. "Increase your intake of spicy foods while taking famotidine."
- D. "Notify your healthcare provider if you develop black, tarry stools."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Famotidine belongs to a class of medications known as H2 blockers which work to reduce the production of stomach acid. Antacids, on the other hand, work by neutralizing stomach acid. Taking antacids in conjunction with famotidine can decrease the effectiveness of famotidine as they can interfere with its absorption. Therefore, it is important for the patient to avoid taking antacids while on famotidine therapy to ensure optimal treatment outcomes for gastric acid suppression.
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A postpartum client who experienced a vaginal delivery expresses concerns about resuming sexual activity. What information should the nurse provide to address the client's concerns?
- A. Discuss the potential use of barrier contraceptives for contraception.
- B. Educate the client about the normal changes in sexual desire and response.
- C. Recommend delaying sexual activity until the postpartum check-up.
- D. Encourage the client to use lubricants to alleviate discomfort.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Option B is the most appropriate response when addressing a postpartum client's concerns about resuming sexual activity after a vaginal delivery. Educating the client about the normal changes in sexual desire and response following childbirth can help alleviate anxiety and provide reassurance. It is crucial for the nurse to explain that it is common for women to experience changes in libido, physical discomfort, and emotional adjustments after giving birth. By discussing these normal postpartum changes, the nurse can support the client in understanding that her feelings are valid and that it may take time for her to feel ready to engage in sexual activity again. Furthermore, the nurse can provide information on ways to enhance comfort and intimacy when resuming sexual activity, such as communication with partners, using lubricants, and gradually easing back into sexual activity as desired.
Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for a patient experiencing an acute asthma exacerbation with severe respiratory distress and hypoxemia?
- A. Administration of high-flow oxygen via nasal cannula
- B. Initiation of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV)
- C. Nebulized albuterol/ipratropium combination therapy
- D. Intravenous corticosteroid therapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a patient experiencing an acute asthma exacerbation with severe respiratory distress and hypoxemia, the most appropriate intervention is to initiate non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV). NIPPV can help improve ventilation, decrease work of breathing, and correct hypoxemia by providing positive pressure to keep the airways open, reduce air trapping, and increase the elimination of carbon dioxide. This intervention can help improve oxygenation and reduce the need for invasive mechanical ventilation in patients with severe asthma exacerbations. Administering high-flow oxygen via nasal cannula alone may not provide enough support for patients with severe respiratory distress. Nebulized albuterol/ipratropium combination therapy and intravenous corticosteroid therapy are also important treatments for asthma exacerbations but are not the first-line interventions for patients with severe respiratory distress and hypoxemia.
To grow as a person, the student nurse can attend lecture-demonstration on which of the following procedures?
- A. Bathing the newborn
- B. Doing first aid
- C. Proper bandaging
- D. Doing makeup
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Attending a lecture-demonstration on doing first aid is essential for the growth of a student nurse as it equips them with crucial knowledge and skills to respond effectively in emergency situations. First aid training teaches basic life-saving techniques and how to provide immediate care until medical professionals arrive. This knowledge is vital in the healthcare field, allowing the student nurse to provide immediate assistance and potentially save lives. By learning first aid procedures, the student nurse can enhance their skills, confidence, and overall capability to care for patients in various settings. This continuous learning and improvement are key to personal growth and professional development in the healthcare industry.
A patient presents with a rash characterized by erythematous papules and vesicles arranged in a linear distribution. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?
- A. Psoriasis
- B. Contact dermatitis
- C. Scabies
- D. Atopic dermatitis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Scabies is a contagious skin infestation caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite. The classic presentation of scabies includes a rash characterized by erythematous papules and vesicles that are arranged in a linear or burrow-like distribution. These linear tracks are often seen in areas such as the interdigital spaces, wrists, elbows, axillae, belt line, and genitalia. It is commonly associated with intense itching, especially at night. Unlike psoriasis, which presents with silvery scales and well-defined borders, or contact dermatitis, which results from exposure to a specific allergen or irritant, scabies is caused by a parasitic mite infestation. Atopic dermatitis, on the other hand, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by pruritic eczematous lesions, but it typically does not manifest with a linear distribution of lesions like scabies.
A patient is prescribed a calcium channel blocker for the management of hypertension. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor closely in the patient?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Peripheral edema
- C. Hypokalemia
- D. Tachycardia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Calcium channel blockers are often prescribed for the management of hypertension because they can help relax blood vessels and slow the heart rate, thus reducing blood pressure. One of the major adverse effects associated with calcium channel blockers is bradycardia (slow heart rate) or even more rarely, tachycardia (fast heart rate). Therefore, in a patient prescribed a calcium channel blocker for hypertension, the nurse should closely monitor for any signs and symptoms of tachycardia as it can be a serious adverse effect that needs prompt evaluation and intervention to prevent complications.