Nokea
A patient with a large inguinal hernia has abdominal distention and inguinal pain. The nurse recognizes these as indicators of which type of hernia?
- A. Strangulated
- B. Hiatal
- C. Ventral
- D. Umbilical
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The hernia is strangulated when the blood supply and intestinal flow are occluded, which results in pain and distention.
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Which is the purpose of antibiotic therapy in treating peptic ulcers?
- A. It eradicates H. pylori.
- B. It inhibits gastric acid secretion.
- C. It protects the gastric mucosa.
- D. It neutralizes or reduces the acidity of stomach contents.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antibiotic therapy eradicates H. pylori.
In reinforcing a teaching plan to present to a group of older adults regarding the prevention of esophageal cancer, the nurse would include which significant information?
- A. cessation of smoking.
- B. Frequent monitoring for Barrett's esophagus
- C. regular checkups if dysphagia is present.
- D. reducing excessive weight.
- E. limiting alcohol consumption.
- F. reduction of consumption of citrus fruits.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Preventive measures include cessation of smoking and alcohol consumption, monitoring for Barrett's esophagus, and medical evaluation of dysphagia. Weight and reduction of citrus fruits are noncontributory to prevention of esophageal cancer.
The nurse takes into consideration that long-term use of antibiotics can cause an antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis from the organism
- A. Clostridium difficile
Correct Answer: Clostridium difficile
Rationale: C. difficile causes a type of colitis from long-term antibiotic use to which older adults are extremely susceptible.
The home health nurse is caring for a patient who has frequent abdominal pain and diarrhea. The nurse uses the Rome Criteria to direct data collection for irritable bowel syndrome. What is included in the Rome Criteria?
- A. Discomfort at least 3 days a month
- B. Blood in stool
- C. Pain relieved by defecation
- D. Excessive flatulence
- E. Nausea and vomiting associated with onset
- F. Onset associated with change in stool consistency or frequency
Correct Answer: A,C,F
Rationale: The Rome Criteria include that the patient experience discomfort at least 3 days a month within the last 3 months, pain relieved by defecation, onset associated with change in stool frequency, and onset in association with a change in stool appearance. Although increased flatus is associated with diverticulitis, it is not part of the Rome Criteria.
The nurse takes into consideration that a proton pump inhibitor drug, such as which drug, will completely eradicate gastric acid production?
- A. omeprazole
- B. misoprostol
- C. sucralfate
- D. olsalazine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that interferes with the production of gastric acid.