Nokea
A patient with an edema would have an increased volume of distribution (Vd) if?
- A. The patient was taking an anionic drug
- B. The patient was taking a hydrophobic drug
- C. The patient was taking a hydrophilic drug
- D. An edema always causes an increase in Vd
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Edema increases extracellular fluid, raising Vd for hydrophilic drugs that distribute into this compartment, not hydrophobic drugs (tissue-bound) or universally.
You may also like to solve these questions
A patient on imipenem/cilastatin is at risk for which adverse effect?
- A. Allergic reaction
- B. Seizures
- C. C. difficile infection
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Imipenem/cilastatin can cause allergic reactions, seizures (neurotoxicity), and C. difficile infection, making all potential risks.
Which of the following is not used for hyperthyroidism:
- A. Liothironine
- B. Levothiroxine
- C. Propilthiouracil
- D. Liotrix
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Propylthiouracil treats hyperthyroidism; the others are thyroid hormones used for hypothyroidism.
Clonidine has several off-label uses, including:
- A. Alcohol and nicotine withdrawal
- B. Post-herpetic neuralgia
- C. Both 1 and 2
- D. Neither 1 nor 2
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clonidine is used off-label for both alcohol/nicotine withdrawal and post-herpetic neuralgia.
The combination of propranolol & nifedipine in essential hypertension is used because
- A. CNS effects of propanolol are prevented
- B. Pedal edema of nifedipine is prevented
- C. Alteration of serum lipids by propranolol is prevented
- D. Reflex sympathetic activity of nifedipine is prevented
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Propranolol (beta-blocker) counters nifedipine's (calcium channel blocker) reflex tachycardia.
This drug is a respiratory stimulant:
- A. Doxapram
- B. Promethazine
- C. Dornase α
- D. Oxygen
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Doxapram stimulates breathing by acting on the respiratory center in the brainstem.