Nokea
A patient with anorexia nervosa is at risk for refeeding syndrome. The nurse should be most concerned with:
- A. Hyperglycemia.
- B. Electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypophosphatemia.
- C. Increased hunger and overeating.
- D. Rapid weight gain and hypertension.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypophosphatemia. Refeeding syndrome occurs when a malnourished individual receives nutrition too quickly, leading to shifts in electrolytes like phosphate, potassium, and magnesium. Hypophosphatemia is a key concern due to its potential to cause cardiac and respiratory failure. Hyperglycemia (A) may occur but is not the primary concern. Increased hunger and overeating (C) are common symptoms of anorexia nervosa but not directly related to refeeding syndrome. Rapid weight gain and hypertension (D) are potential consequences of refeeding but are not the immediate concern compared to electrolyte imbalances.
You may also like to solve these questions
Sleep terrors usually occur only once a night, during stages 3 and 4 of NREM sleep. They are often accompanied by which physical sign?
- A. Intense stress.
- B. Sexual arousal.
- C. Physical strength.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: None of the above. Sleep terrors are not typically accompanied by intense stress, sexual arousal, or increased physical strength. Sleep terrors are characterized by sudden awakening from sleep with intense fear and a physical reaction, such as screaming or thrashing. These episodes occur during stages 3 and 4 of NREM sleep and are not associated with the physical signs mentioned in the other choices. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as sleep terrors do not necessarily involve any of the physical signs listed in the other options.
Which characteristic fits the usual profile of an individual diagnosed with pedophilic disorder?
- A. Homosexual
- B. Ritualistic behaviors
- C. Seeks access to children
- D. Self-confident professional
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because an individual diagnosed with pedophilic disorder typically seeks access to children for sexual purposes. This behavior is a key characteristic of pedophilia. Homosexuality (A) is not a defining factor in pedophilic disorder. Ritualistic behaviors (B) are not specific to pedophilia but may be present in some cases. Being a self-confident professional (D) does not correlate with pedophilic tendencies. In summary, seeking access to children (C) aligns with the diagnostic criteria for pedophilic disorder, making it the most fitting characteristic.
A child, aged 11 years, has to stay home from school to care for his siblings while his mother works, because the family cannot afford a babysitter. The father appears to be emotionally abusive. Which intervention could be used for the primary prevention of problems such as these?
- A. Involve the parents in a parenting support group, and help them find affordable childcare.
- B. Meet with elected officials to lobby for subsidized childcare and increasing the minimum wage.
- C. Screen for signs of abuse and neglect in all children so that it can be discovered and treated early.
- D. Provide supportive counseling services for those who have survived neglect or abuse.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because lobbying for subsidized childcare and increasing the minimum wage addresses the root causes of the family's situation, such as financial insecurity and lack of affordable childcare. This intervention aims to prevent similar situations from occurring by advocating for systemic changes that can support families in need.
Choice A focuses on providing support to the parents, which may not address the underlying issues of financial instability and emotional abuse. Choice C addresses detection and treatment after the abuse has occurred, rather than preventing it from happening in the first place. Choice D focuses on providing counseling services after abuse or neglect has already taken place, rather than preventing it through systemic changes like subsidized childcare and increased minimum wage.
After a person was abducted and raped at gunpoint by an unknown assailant, which assessment finding best indicates the acute phase of the rape-trauma syndrome?
- A. Decreased motor activity
- B. Confusion and disbelief
- C. Flashbacks and dreams
- D. Fears and phobias
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Confusion and disbelief. During the acute phase of rape-trauma syndrome, the victim may experience feelings of confusion and disbelief as they try to process the traumatic event. This initial reaction is a common response to such a severe and violating experience. The victim may struggle to comprehend what has happened to them, leading to feelings of shock and disbelief. This phase is characterized by emotional numbing, disorientation, and difficulty in making decisions.
Decreased motor activity (Choice A) is not specific to the acute phase of rape-trauma syndrome and can be a general response to trauma. Flashbacks and dreams (Choice C) are more commonly associated with the intrusion phase of the syndrome, which occurs after the acute phase. Fears and phobias (Choice D) may develop later in the reorganization phase of the syndrome as the victim tries to cope with the aftermath of the trauma.
A patient with anorexia nervosa is resistant to weight gain. What is the rationale for establishing a contract with the patient to participate in measures to produce a specified weekly weight gain?
- A. Severe anxiety concerning eating is expected, so objective and subjective data are needed.
- B. Patient involvement in decision-making increases sense of control and promotes collaboration.
- C. The patient's family is not supportive of the treatment plan.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Patient involvement in decision-making increases sense of control and promotes collaboration.
Rationale:
1. Involving the patient in decision-making empowers them and increases their sense of control over their treatment.
2. Collaborating with the patient fosters a positive therapeutic relationship.
3. This approach is more likely to lead to better treatment adherence and outcomes.
Summary:
A: While objective and subjective data are important, this choice does not address the need for patient involvement in decision-making and collaboration.
C: The lack of family support is not directly related to the rationale for establishing a contract with the patient.
D: This choice is incorrect as patient involvement is crucial in promoting successful treatment outcomes.