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A patient with cancer has a nursing diagnosis of imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to altered taste sensation. Which nursing action would address the cause of the patient problem?
- A. Add protein powder to foods such as casseroles.
- B. Tell the patient to eat foods that are high in nutrition.
- C. Avoid giving the patient foods that are strongly disliked.
- D. Add spices to enhance the flavor of foods that are served.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chemo twists taste bitter, metallic, off killing appetite. Skipping disliked foods sidesteps the cause, boosting intake over forcing nutrition or masking with protein or spices , which might flop. Nurses in oncology nail this tailoring to taste quirks beats generic fixes, tackling the root of this nutrition dip.
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Changes in blood lipids often occur in people who have been diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Question: Which of the following abnormalities is most consistent with metabolic syndrome?
- A. Increased triglyceride with decreased LDL cholesterol
- B. Increased triglyceride with increased LDL cholesterol
- C. Increased triglyceride with decreased HDL cholesterol
- D. Decreased triglyceride with increased HDL cholesterol
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metabolic syndrome's lipid mark triglycerides up, HDL down fits the frame, not LDL swings or triglyceride drops. Nurses clock this, a chronic fat flag.
The client is diagnosed with laryngeal cancer and is scheduled for a laryngectomy next week. Which intervention would be priority for the clinic nurse?
- A. Assess the client's ability to swallow
- B. Refer the client to a speech therapist
- C. Order the client's preoperative lab work
- D. Discuss the client's operative unit
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Laryngectomy severs voice referring to a speech therapist pre-op sets up post-surgical communication, a priority as clients lose speech, facing isolation without aids like electrolarynx training. Swallowing matters, but airway and cancer trump function now. Labs are routine, delegated often; unit talk's secondary. Nurses push this referral, easing the mute transition, a proactive step in laryngeal cancer's life-altering prep, ensuring clients adapt to this voiceless future from day one.
Essential education for patients with regards to insulin therapy includes the following except:
- A. Hypoglycaemia management
- B. Sickday management
- C. Prescribing insulin
- D. Safe driving
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin education patients learn hypo fixes, sick day tweaks, driving rules, needle skills; prescribing's the doc's job, not their load. Nurses drill this chronic self-care kit, skipping the script-writing bit for pros.
A study by the Dutch Institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM) called 'Nederland de maat genomen' [Measuring the Dutch], conducted in 2009-2010, shows that more than half of all Dutch people are overweight (BMI >25). Question: What are the results of this study when looking separately at men and women?
- A. 55% of the men and 55% of the women are overweight
- B. 60% of the men and 45% of the women are overweight
- C. 65% of the men and 50% of the women are overweight
- D. 70% of the men and 55% of the women are overweight
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Over half the Dutch being overweight suggests a split men typically tip higher than women in Western stats. Sixty percent men, 45% women fits: men's bigger frames and habits stack BMI over 25 more, while women hover lower, averaging out above 50%. Even splits or higher jumps overshoot trends nurses see this gender gap in obesity clinics, a chronic load reflecting lifestyle and biology.
Which of these causes of gastroenteritis usually requires treatment with antibiotics?
- A. shigella
- B. salmonella
- C. e-coli
- D. giardia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Giardia flagellate needs metronidazole, not shigella, salmonella, E. coli, campy's self-run. Nurses dose this chronic gut bug.