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A patient with diabetes is being prepared for discharge. The nurse presents information to the patient regarding injections to be administered at home. Which intellectual activities are involved when the patient interprets this information using the cognitive domain of learning? Select all that apply.
- A. Recall
- B. Opinions
- C. Thought
- D. Attitude
- E. Decision making
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: To interpret information using the cognitive domain, the patient uses intellectual activities such as recall, thought, and decision making. Opinions and attitude come under the affective domain of learning.
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A cancer patient requires supplemental oxygen at home through an oxygen cylinder. The nurse assigned to the patient teaches the patient's brother to administer oxygen from the cylinder at home. Which of the following is most effective for the nurse to use when evaluating the patient's brother's understanding?
- A. Ask questions such as 'Do you understand?'
- B. Ask the patient's brother to demonstrate the procedure.
- C. Ask the patient's brother to document the technique.
- D. Ask the patient's brother questions related to the procedure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To determine the effectiveness of teaching in this case, the nurse must evaluate the patient's brother's knowledge of the materials presented. This can be done by asking the patient's brother to demonstrate or explain the presented information. The nurse should not ask questions such as 'Do you understand?' as the patient may be uncomfortable admitting a lack of understanding. Asking questions related to the procedure may confuse the person. Asking the patient's brother to document the technique would not provide enough information about whether or not he does understand what to do.
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about the patient-nurse relationship and the various factors affecting it. The students demonstrate a need for additional review when they identify which of the following as a factor?
- A. Health care reform
- B. Health care practice attitudes
- C. Increased rates of chronic illness
- D. Increased cultural diversity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Factors that affect the patient-nurse relationship include changes in health care delivery and health care reform, change in attitudes of health care practices, the aging population, and the increase in chronic illness. Cultural diversity affects health communication.
The nurse prepares a teaching plan to help a patient with viral influenza learn how to administer the prescribed drugs at home. Which factor would the nurse be alert to as posing an obstacle in the patient's learning process?
- A. Varied or different literacy levels
- B. Lack of high grasping skills
- C. Previous experience
- D. Prior knowledge
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Varied literacy levels pose obstacles in the patient's learning levels. Lack of high grasping skills, previous experience, and prior knowledge do not pose obstacles in the patient's learning process.
A nurse is caring for a patient with liver cirrhosis. The nurse has to collaborate on an individualized teaching plan to help the client administer the postdischarge medications. Which of the following would the nurse need to integrate into the plan? Select all that apply.
- A. The nurse's teaching ability
- B. The prescribed drug
- C. The patient's learning skills
- D. The patient's need to know the drugs
- E. The health care provider's preference
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Individualized teaching plans vary depending on the prescribed drug, health care provider's preference for facts to include and exclude, and what the patient needs to know to take the drug correctly. Factors such as the patient's learning skills and the nurse's teaching abilities are not considered when formulating an individualized teaching plan.
Client goals are set during the planning stage of the client's teaching plan. When the nurse is developing client-specific goals, which of the following should the nurse keep in mind? Select all that apply.
- A. Goals should be measurable.
- B. Goals should be attainable.
- C. Goals should be set by the client.
- D. Goals should be set by the physician.
- E. Goals should be set by the nurse.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: When the nurse is developing client-specific goals, the nurse should keep in mind that goals should be measurable and attainable and should include all parties involved, including the physician's, nurse's, and client's input.