foundation of nursing practice questions

foundation of nursing practice questions Related

Review foundation of nursing practice questions related questions and content

A patient with no prenatal care delivers a healthy male infant via the vaginal route, with minimal blood loss. During the labor period, vital signs were normal. At birth, significant maternal hypertension is noted. When the patient is questioned, she relates that there is history of heart disease in her family; but, that she has never been treated for hypertension. Blood pressure is treated in the hospital setting and the patient is discharged. The patient returns at her scheduled 6-week checkup and is found to be hypertensive. Which type of hypertension is the patient is exhibiting?

  • A. Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)
  • B. Gestational hypertension
  • C. Preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension
  • D. Undiagnosed chronic hypertension
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The patient in this scenario exhibits signs of chronic hypertension, particularly due to the history of heart disease in her family, the postpartum persistence of elevated blood pressure, and the diagnosis of hypertension at the 6-week checkup. While pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia can occur during pregnancy, they typically resolve within a few weeks after delivery. The fact that the patient's hypertension persists beyond the postpartum period suggests that she likely had preexisting, undiagnosed chronic hypertension. Therefore, option D is the most appropriate choice in this case.

You may also like to solve these questions

A nurse is caring for a patient who has allergic rhinitis. What intervention would be most likely to help the patient meet the goal of improved breathing pattern?

  • A. Teach the patient to take deep breaths and cough frequently.
  • B. Use antihistamines daily throughout the year.
  • C. Teach the patient to seek medical attention at the first sign of an allergic reaction.
  • D. Modify the environment to reduce the severity of allergic symptoms.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Allergic rhinitis, also known as hay fever, is a condition characterized by inflammation in the nasal passages triggered by allergens such as pollen, dust mites, or animal dander. Modifying the patient's environment to reduce exposure to these allergens can significantly help improve the breathing pattern in patients with allergic rhinitis. This can include measures such as using air purifiers, keeping indoor humidity levels low, avoiding exposure to pollen by keeping windows closed during peak seasons, and regularly cleaning bedding to reduce dust mites.

A nurse is providing discharge teaching for apatient who is going home with a guaiac test. Which statement by the patient indicates the need for further education?

  • A. “If I get a blue color that means the test is negative.”
  • B. “I should not get any urine on the stool I am testing.”
  • C. “If I eat red meat before my test, it could give me false results.”
  • D. “I should check with my doctor to stop taking aspirin before the test.”
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The statement "If I get a blue color that means the test is negative" given by the patient indicates the need for further education. This is incorrect information because a blue color in the guaiac test indicates a positive result, which means the presence of fecal occult blood. The patient should be taught that a positive result indicates the need for further evaluation and follow-up with their healthcare provider. Proper understanding of the test results is vital to ensure accurate interpretation and appropriate management. Further clarification and education are necessary to correct this misconception and guide the patient towards understanding the significance of a positive result.

A 60-year-old patient with a diagnosis of prostate cancer is scheduled to have an interstitial implant for high-dose radiation (HDR). What safety measure should the nurse include in this patients subsequent plan of care?

  • A. Limit the time that visitors spend at the patients bedside.
  • B. Teach the patient to perform all aspects of basic care independently.
  • C. Assign male nurses to the patients care whenever possible.
  • D. Situate the patient in a shared room with other patients receiving brachytherapy.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The patient undergoing interstitial implant for high-dose radiation (HDR) for prostate cancer will emit radiation that poses a risk to others. Limiting the time that visitors spend at the patient's bedside is essential to minimize their exposure to radiation. It is important to follow safety measures to protect both the patient and others from potential harm. Other options such as teaching the patient to perform basic care independently, assigning male nurses, or situating the patient in a shared room with other brachytherapy patients do not directly address the safety concern of radiation exposure to visitors.

While a patient is receiving IV doxorubicin hydrochloride for the treatment of cancer, the nurse observes swelling and pain at the IV site. The nurse should prioritize what action?

  • A. Stopping the administration of the drug immediately
  • B. Notifying the patients physician
  • C. Continuing the infusion but decreasing the rate
  • D. Applying a warm compress to the infusion site .
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Swelling and pain at the IV site can indicate extravasation, which is the leakage of a vesicant medication like doxorubicin hydrochloride into the surrounding tissues. It is crucial to stop the administration of the drug immediately upon suspicion of extravasation to minimize tissue damage and potential complications. By stopping the administration promptly, further harm can be prevented, and early interventions can be initiated to mitigate the effects of the extravasation. Notifications to the physician and appropriate actions, such as aspiration of any remaining drug, may follow after discontinuing the infusion.

The public health nurse is presenting a health-promotion class to a group at a local community center. Which intervention most directly addresses the leading cause of cancer deaths in North America?

  • A. Monthly self-breast exams
  • B. Smoking cessation
  • C. Annual colonoscopies
  • D. Monthly testicular exams
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Smoking cessation most directly addresses the leading cause of cancer deaths in North America, which is lung cancer. Tobacco use, particularly cigarette smoking, is the primary cause of lung cancer. By helping individuals quit smoking, the public health nurse is targeting the main risk factor for lung cancer and therefore addressing the root cause of the issue. This intervention has the potential to have a significant impact on reducing cancer-related deaths in the community. Monthly self-breast exams, annual colonoscopies, and monthly testicular exams are important for detecting breast, colon, and testicular cancers respectively, but they do not directly address the leading cause of cancer deaths in North America.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.