Adult Health Nursing First Chapter Quizlet

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A patient with terminal cancer is experiencing dyspnea due to pleural effusion. What intervention should the palliative nurse prioritize to manage the patient's symptoms?

  • A. Administer bronchodilator medications to improve airway clearance.
  • B. Perform thoracentesis to drain the pleural fluid and relieve dyspnea.
  • C. Recommend non-invasive positive pressure ventilation for respiratory support.
  • D. Encourage the patient to practice relaxation techniques to reduce anxiety.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The palliative nurse should prioritize performing thoracentesis to drain the pleural fluid and relieve dyspnea in a patient with terminal cancer experiencing pleural effusion. Pleural effusion is a common complication in patients with advanced cancer and can cause significant respiratory distress. Drainage of the pleural fluid through thoracentesis can provide immediate relief by easing the pressure on the lungs and improving the patient's ability to breathe. This intervention is essential in managing dyspnea for comfort and quality of life in palliative care settings. Administering bronchodilator medications (option A) or recommending non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (option C) may not directly address the underlying cause of dyspnea in this case. While relaxation techniques (option D) can help with anxiety and overall well-being, they may not be sufficient in managing the physical symptom of dyspnea caused by pleural effusion.

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A patient with advanced heart failure expresses fear and anxiety about the progression of their illness. What is the palliative nurse's most appropriate response?

  • A. Provide reassurance and minimize discussions about end-of-life care.
  • B. Encourage the patient to focus on positive thoughts and avoid discussing fears.
  • C. Offer empathetic listening and explore the patient's concerns about the future.
  • D. Suggest distraction techniques to divert the patient's attention from their worries.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The palliative nurse's most appropriate response in this scenario is to offer empathetic listening and explore the patient's concerns about the future. By providing a compassionate and supportive environment for the patient to express their fears and anxieties, the nurse can help the patient feel heard and understood. This approach allows the nurse to address the patient's emotional needs and provide appropriate support to help them cope with their feelings. Avoiding discussions or minimizing the patient's concerns may invalidate their emotions and hinder the therapeutic relationship. Encouraging distraction techniques or focusing solely on positive thoughts may not address the underlying fears and anxieties that the patient is experiencing. Therefore, offering empathetic listening and exploring the patient's concerns is the most appropriate way for the nurse to provide holistic care for the patient with advanced heart failure.

Choose how many times at least the nurses conducts physical assessment to school children.

  • A. Thrice a year
  • B. Every semester
  • C. Every quarter
  • D. Once a year
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: It is recommended for nurses to conduct physical assessments on school children at least three times a year, or thrice a year. This frequency allows nurses to monitor the children's growth and development, assess any changes in their health status, and provide early intervention if needed. Regular physical assessments help ensure that any health issues are identified promptly and addressed appropriately, promoting the overall well-being and academic performance of the students.

When a patient is diagnosed to have pneumonia, the breath sounds detected by the nurse on auscultation of the affected area would be ______.

  • A. wheezing sounds
  • B. fine crackles
  • C. stridor
  • D. deep and low-pitched breath sounds
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When a patient is diagnosed with pneumonia, the breath sounds detected by the nurse on auscultation of the affected area would typically include fine crackles. Fine crackles are discontinuous, high-pitched crackling or rattling sounds heard during inspiration that indicate the presence of fluid in the small airways or alveoli. These crackles are caused by the movement of secretions or exudate within the bronchioles or alveoli, which is a common characteristic of pneumonia. Wheezing sounds are usually associated with conditions such as asthma, bronchitis, or COPD and are caused by narrowed airways. Stridor is a high-pitched, crowing sound that typically indicates an obstruction in the upper airway and is often heard in cases of laryngeal inflammation or foreign body aspiration. Deep and low-pitched breath sounds are more characteristic of conditions like chronic bronchitis.

The nurse develops the following hypothesis: Elderly women receive less aggressive treatment for terminally-ill spine patients than younger women. Which variable would be considered to be the independent variable?

  • A. Degree of treatment received
  • B. Age of the patient
  • C. Use of inpatient treatment
  • D. Type of complications being treated
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The independent variable in an experiment is the variable that is manipulated or determined by the researcher. In this hypothesis, the nurse is suggesting that the age of the patient (elderly vs. younger) influences the aggressiveness of treatment received. Therefore, the age of the patient is the independent variable in this scenario. The dependent variable would be the degree of treatment received, as it is expected to be influenced by the independent variable, which is the age of the patient.

Vangie, 73 years old, comorbid with hypertension and asthma died of COVID Ariel grieved and mourned to the loss of his mother's untimely death. He is now aware that his mother is one of those 13, 425 deaths. The nurse will consider stage of grieving process is Ariel at what experiencing?

  • A. Depression
  • B. Denial and Anger
  • C. Bargaining
  • D. Acceptance
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Ariel is likely experiencing the stage of depression in the grieving process. The stages of grief, according to the Kubler-Ross model, are denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. In this scenario, Ariel has come to terms with his mother's death and is mourning her loss, which aligns with the stage of depression characterized by feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and intense sorrow. It is a normal part of the grieving process for individuals to experience these emotions as they process their loss.

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