Nokea
A patient with unstable angina should be provided with instructions to avoid which activity?
- A. Walking outside
- B. Eating red meat
- C. Swimming in warm pool
- D. Shoveling snow
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The person with angina should be instructed to avoid exposure to cold, heavy exercise, eating heavy meals, and emotional stress.
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The patient, age 26, is hospitalized with cardiomyopathy. While assisting with data collection from the patient, the nurse recognizes that the increased incidence of cardiomyopathy in young adults who have minimal risk factors for cardiovascular disease is related to which factor?
- A. Cocaine use
- B. Viral infection
- C. Vitamin B1 deficiency
- D. Pregnancy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cardiomyopathy caused by cocaine abuse triggers intense vasoconstriction of the coronary arteries and peripheral vasoconstriction. Cocaine also causes high circulating levels of catecholamines, which may further damage myocardial cells, leading to ischemic or dilated cardiomyopathy. The cardiomyopathy produced is difficult to treat. Interventions deal mainly with the HF that ensues.
The pain that a person with arterial insufficiency feels on exertion, which is relieved by rest, is
Correct Answer: intermittent claudication
Rationale: Intermittent claudication is a pain caused by ischemia when a person with arterial insufficiency exerts to the point that the tissues have inadequate oxygen-rich blood. The pain is relieved by rest.
After an influenza-like illness, the patient reports chills and small petechiae in his mouth and his legs. A heart murmur is detectable. These are characteristic signs of which disorder?
- A. congestive heart failure.
- B. heart block.
- C. aortic stenosis.
- D. infective endocarditis.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Collection of subjective data includes noting patient complaints of influenza-like symptoms with recurrent fever, undue fatigue, chest pain, and chills. Objective data may reveal the significant signs of petechiae in the conjunctiva and mouth. Both subjective data and objective data are indicative of infective endocarditis.
What is the transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) used for?
- A. Detect thrombi before a cardioversion.
- B. Check for cardiac arrhythmias.
- C. Detect the presence of an aneurysm
- D. Measure effectiveness of diuretic therapy.
- E. Locate obstructions in the coronary artery.
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: The TEE is used to check for thrombi before cardioversion, and to visualize the presence of an aneurysm.
The nurse explains that the heart has the ability to contract in a rhythmic pattern that is called
Correct Answer: automaticity
Rationale: Automaticity is the special ability of the myocardium to contract in a rhythmic pattern.