Nokea
A person is 178 cm high and weighs 89 kg. What is his BMI?
- A. 26
- B. 28
- C. 31
- D. 34
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: BMI's weight over height squared 89 kg ÷ (1.78 m × 1.78 m) ≈ 28. Height in meters, simple math, lands between 25 and 30, overweight, not obese. Nurses crunch this daily, a chronic weight watch pegging 28 spot-on.
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Obesity is now determined to be a disease because: i. Obesity is common. ii. The development of obesity results from established pathophysiology. iii. Obesity results in negative health consequences. iv. Obesity increases mortality.
- A. i and ii
- B. ii and iii
- C. i and iv
- D. ii, iii, and iv
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Obesity's disease tag leans on pathophysiology hormone and brain glitches plus harm like diabetes and higher death rates, not just its spread. Commonness alone doesn't clinch it; mechanisms, outcomes, and mortality do. Clinicians bank on this trio, framing interventions, a chronic shift from mere prevalence to impact.
The nurse assesses a client and documents the following findings: edema 2+ bilateral ankles, brown pigmentation of lower extremity skin, aching pain of lower extremities when standing that resolves with elevation, and 2+ pedal pulses. What condition does the client likely have?
- A. Deep vein thrombosis
- B. Raynaud's disease
- C. Venous insufficiency
- D. Peripheral arterial disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Venous insufficiency pools blood 2+ edema, brown pigmentation from hemosiderin, aching relieved by elevation, and decent pulses fit, as veins fail while arteries hold. DVT clots acutely, often unilateral. Raynaud's spasms, not pigments. PAD dims pulses, pains with walking. Nurses peg this chronic venous flop, suggesting hose or elevation, a textbook stasis tale.
The nurse is caring for a patient with left-sided lung cancer. Which finding would be most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider?
- A. Hematocrit of 32%
- B. Pain with deep inspiration
- C. Serum sodium of 126 mEq/L
- D. Decreased breath sounds on left side
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lung cancer can spark SIADH sodium at 126 risks seizures, outpacing anemia , pleuritic pain , or expected breath loss . Nurses in oncology report this low sodium's a metabolic emergency, needing swift fix.
A 35-year old teacher on allopurinol 200 mg OM for the past year reports three recent gout attacks. BMI 27 kg/m2, BP 144/94 mm Hg. You notice tophi over both hands and elbows. You will now:
- A. Stop the allopurinol during this acute gout attack
- B. Start hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg OM for BP control
- C. Continue allopurinol despite the attack and aim to reduce uric acid <300 umol/L
- D. Advise to rest and avoid exercise for 3 months as he is having acute pain
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tophi, flares allopurinol stays, push uric <300; thiazides worsen, rest flops, losartan's late. Nurses hold this chronic crystal line.
The home health nurse is performing a home visit for an oncology patient discharged 3 days ago after completing treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The nurse's assessment should include examination for the signs and symptoms of what complication?
- A. Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)
- B. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
- C. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
- D. Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma's fast cell turnover, plus recent chemo, primes for TLS dead cells dump potassium, phosphorus, and uric acid, risking kidney failure days post-treatment. SIADH (low sodium) and hypercalcemia (bone mets) are less tied to this timeline. DIC's bleeding chaos isn't lymphoma's usual post-chemo hit. Nurses hunt TLS signs fatigue, nausea, arrhythmias knowing it's a fatal oncology curveball if missed early.