Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy Quizlet

Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy Quizlet Related

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A physician has just documented on a prenatal client. The nurse notices that the physician notes the presence of Goodell's sign. The nurse understands that this sign indicates which of the following?

  • A. Changes in the cervix
  • B. Changes in the uterus
  • C. Passive movement of an unengaged fetus
  • D. Fetus that has begun to descend and engage in the pelvis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, changes in the cervix. Goodell's sign refers to the softening of the cervix that occurs during early pregnancy due to increased vascularity and hormonal changes. This sign is an important indicator of pregnancy and is typically observed during the first trimester. Choice B, changes in the uterus, is incorrect because Goodell's sign specifically refers to changes in the cervix, not the uterus as a whole. Choice C, passive movement of an unengaged fetus, is incorrect as Goodell's sign is not related to fetal movement. Choice D, fetus that has begun to descend and engage in the pelvis, is also incorrect as Goodell's sign occurs much earlier in pregnancy before the fetus engages in the pelvis.

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A nurse is educating a pregnant client about ways to prevent UTIs. Which statement by the client indicates that she understands the information from the nurse?

  • A. I should decrease my fluid intake.
  • B. Drinking Coke will prevent me from getting a UTI.
  • C. I should always empty my bladder right after I have intercourse.
  • D. I should drink orange juice every morning.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I should always empty my bladder right after I have intercourse." This is correct because emptying the bladder after intercourse helps to flush out bacteria and reduce the risk of UTIs. Choice A is incorrect as adequate fluid intake is important to prevent UTIs. Choice B is incorrect as drinking Coke does not prevent UTIs and may even increase the risk due to its sugar content. Choice D is incorrect as there is no evidence to suggest that drinking orange juice prevents UTIs. Overall, choice C is the best preventative measure supported by medical evidence.

Appendicitis may be difficult to diagnose in pregnancy because the appendix is:

  • A. displaced upward and laterally, high and to the right.
  • B. displaced upward and laterally, high and to the left.
  • C. deep at McBurney point.
  • D. displaced downward and laterally, low and to the right.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The appendix is displaced high and to the right, beyond McBurney point.

A pregnant woman complains of frequent heartburn. The patient states that she has never had these symptoms before and wonders why this is happening now. The most appropriate response by the nurse is to

  • A. examine her dietary intake pattern and tell her to avoid certain foods.
  • B. tell her that this is a normal finding during early pregnancy and will resolve as she gets closer to term.
  • C. experience this condition.
  • D. refer her to her health care provider for additional testing because this is an abnormal finding.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale:
- Choice C is correct because heartburn is a common symptom during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and pressure from the growing uterus.
- The nurse should educate the patient that experiencing heartburn is a normal physiological response during pregnancy.
- It is important for the nurse to reassure the patient that her symptoms are expected and not a cause for concern.
- Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not address the normalcy of heartburn during pregnancy and may cause unnecessary worry or unnecessary interventions.

The nurse caring for the pregnant patient must understand that the hormone essential for maintaining pregnancy is:

  • A. estrogen.
  • B. human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
  • C. oxytocin.
  • D. progesterone.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Progesterone is essential for maintaining pregnancy; it does so by relaxing smooth muscles. This reduces uterine activity and prevents miscarriage.

Which physiologic findings related to gallbladder function may lead to the development of gallstones during pregnancy?

  • A. Decrease in alkaline phosphatase levels compared with nonpregnant women
  • B. Increase in albumin and total protein as a result of hemodilution
  • C. Hypertonicity of gallbladder tissue
  • D. Prolonged emptying time
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Prolonged emptying time. During pregnancy, hormonal changes can lead to gallbladder stasis, causing bile to become concentrated and leading to the formation of gallstones. Prolonged emptying time indicates poor gallbladder motility, increasing the risk of gallstone formation.

A: Decrease in alkaline phosphatase levels is not directly related to gallstone formation during pregnancy.
B: Increase in albumin and total protein is a common finding in pregnancy due to hemodilution, but it is not directly linked to gallstone development.
C: Hypertonicity of gallbladder tissue is not a typical physiologic finding related to gallbladder function during pregnancy and is not a known risk factor for gallstone formation.

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