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A possible cause of a yeast infection resulting from Candida albicans is
- A. Taking antibiotics that kill the normal bacteria in the body, allowing an overgrowth of yeast.
- B. That it is a common side effect of taking antifungal medications.
- C. The presence of the fungus in food prepared by people with the infection.
- D. Consuming undercooked meat that contains the bacteria.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antibiotics disrupt normal bacterial flora, allowing Candida albicans, a fungus, to overgrow. Yeast infections are not caused by antifungal medications, contaminated food, or undercooked meat.
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Match the following pathogens with their descriptions: Protozoa
- A. One-celled microorganisms classified by their shapes
- B. May be made up of one or more cells; enter the human body through cuts or cracks in the skin
- C. Rod-shaped bacteria that appear in chains
- D. Type of bacteria often spread through vectors
- E. Tiny parasites that live within cells of hosts and reproduce there
- F. Parasitic worms that can inhabit the digestive tract of humans
- G. Single-celled animals that live in water and cause intestinal illnesses when ingested
Correct Answer: G
Rationale: Protozoa are single-celled organisms that can cause intestinal illnesses, such as those from contaminated water (e.g., Giardia).
How can you ensure that you are washing your hands for the correct amount of time?
- A. Count to 20 in your head, saying 'one thousand' between each number.
- B. Watch the clock or your watch the entire time you wash your hands.
- C. Tap your foot 20 times while you wash your hands.
- D. Sing 'Happy Birthday' twice in your head while you wash your hands.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Singing 'Happy Birthday' twice takes approximately 20 seconds, the recommended duration for effective hand washing.
You are caring for a patient with the Ebola virus. The nurse understands that which of the following are symptoms of the Ebola virus?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Vomiting
- C. Headache
- D. Fatigue
- E. Joint pain
- F. Muscle weakness
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Ebola virus causes symptoms including diarrhea, vomiting, headache, and fatigue. Joint pain and muscle weakness are less commonly associated.
Which type of pathogen causes malaria?
- A. Helminths
- B. Herpes simplex
- C. Protozoans
- D. Candida albicans
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Malaria is caused by Plasmodium, a protozoan parasite transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes.
Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by
- A. Herpes varicella zoster.
- B. Rickettsia rickettsii.
- C. Escherichia coli.
- D. Staphylococcus aureus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a bacterium transmitted by ticks.