Medical Surgical Nursing Practice Questions

Medical Surgical Nursing Practice Questions Related

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A postoperative priority nursing diagnosis for a client having a vertical partial laryngectomy would be:

  • A. activity intolerance.
  • B. ineffective airway clearance.
  • C. high-risk for infection.
  • D. an altered oral mucous membrane.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The laryngectomy client should be able to gradually increase activities without difficulty. The laryngectomy client may have copious amounts of secretions, which will require suctioning for the first 24-48 hours. Because the mucous collects in the cannula, it will require cleaning after the first 24 hours. Even though the client does have a potential for infection, this is not more important than the ineffective airway clearance. An altered mucous membrane problem is not more important than ineffective airway clearance. The client's mouth may become dry, but can be taken care of with good oral care.

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A client with respiratory failure is receiving mechanical ventilation and continues to produce ABG results indicating respiratory acidosis. Which action should you expect to correct this problem?

  • A. Increase the ventilator rate from 6 to 10 per minute
  • B. Decrease the ventilator rate from 10 to 6 per minute
  • C. Increase the oxygen concentration from 30% to 40%
  • D. Decrease the oxygen concentration from 40% to 30%
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Increasing the ventilator rate enhances CO2 removal, correcting respiratory acidosis by improving ventilation.

Identify one example of how each of the following cultural factors may affect the nursing care of a patient of a different culture and one example of the functioning of a health care team made up of individuals from different cultures.

  • A. Time orientation
  • B. Economic factors
  • C. Nutrition
  • D. Personal space
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: This question requires subjective examples based on individual interpretation. For instance, time orientation might influence punctuality expectations in patients and collaboration within diverse teams.

Which of the following would be the best strategy for the nurse to use when teaching insulin injection techniques to a newly diagnosed client with diabetes?

  • A. Give written pre and post-tests.
  • B. Ask questions during practice.
  • C. Allow another diabetic to assist.
  • D. Observe a return demonstration.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Return demonstration ensures the client can correctly perform the technique under supervision.

A client has a chest tube in place connected to wall suction due to a right-sided pneumothorax. The client complains of chest burning. Which of the following actions should be taken?

  • A. Increase the wall suction.
  • B. Strip the chest tube.
  • C. Clamp the chest tube.
  • D. Reposition the client.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Reposition the client. This action should be taken because chest burning could indicate that the chest tube is irritating the pleura. Repositioning the client may help alleviate the pressure on the pleura, reducing discomfort. Increasing wall suction (A) could worsen the irritation. Stripping the chest tube (B) is outdated and can cause damage. Clamping the chest tube (C) can lead to tension pneumothorax.

The nurse is caring for a client with end stage renal disease. What action should the nurse take to assess for patency in a fistula used for hemodialysis?

  • A. Observe for edema proximal to the site.
  • B. Irrigate with 5 mls of 0.9% Normal Saline.
  • C. Palpate for a thrill over the fistula.
  • D. Check color and warmth in the extremity.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A thrill confirms blood flow through the fistula.

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