Nokea
A pregnant client has congenital heart disease. The nurse should expect to see which alterations in this client's diet during pregnancy?
- A. reduced calories and reduced fat
- B. caffeine and sodium restrictions
- C. decreased protein and increased complex carbohydrates
- D. fluid restriction and reduced calories
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Caffeine and sodium restrictions are necessary to reduce cardiac strain and fluid retention in a pregnant client with heart disease, avoiding exacerbation of her condition.
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The client residing in a nursing home has bilateral weak handgrips and visual and hearing deficits. Which interventions should the nurse implement when the client is eating a meal? Select all that apply.
- A. Ask the client's permission to open containers and cut up meats on the food tray.
- B. Obtain special easy-to-hold, built-up silverware for the client to use when eating.
- C. Observe the client, but avoid providing assistance even if the client is frustrated.
- D. Help feed the client if the client is eating too slowly so food does not get too cold.
- E. Ensure that the client wears eyeglasses and hearing aids before starting to eat.
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: A: Asking permission promotes autonomy. B: Built-up silverware aids weak grips. E: Sensory aids enhance independence. C: Assistance reduces frustration. D: Feeding discourages independence.
A client with massive chest and head injuries is admitted to the ICU from the Emergency Department. All of the following are true except:
- A. the physician in charge of the case is the only person allowed to decide whether organ donation can occur.
- B. the client's legally responsible party may make the decision for organ donation for the donor if the client is unable to do so.
- C. the organ procurement organization makes the decision regarding which organs to harvest.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The client's legally responsible party may make the decision for organ donation if the client is unable to do so. The donor (or legally responsible party for the donor), the physician, and the organ-procurement organization are all involved in the process regarding whether organ donation is appropriate for a specific donor.
The NSAID that is comparable to morphine in efficacy is:
- A. Feldene.
- B. Stodal.
- C. Toradol.
- D. Elavil.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Toradol is the first injectable NSAID equal to morphine in efficacy.
A standard walker is used when clients:
- A. have poor balance, cannot stand up, have weak arms, and have good hand strength.
- B. have poor balance, have a broken leg, or have experienced amputation.
- C. have poor balance, have cardiac problems, or cannot use crutches or a cane.
- D. have poor balance, have an autoimmune disease, or have weak arms.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A walker is used for clients who have balance problems, cardiac problems, or cannot use crutches or a cane. The client needs to bear partial weight and have strength in her wrists and arms. The client uses her upper body to propel the walker forward.
The nurse explains to a client who underwent gastric resection that which of the following meals is most likely to cause rapid emptying of the stomach?
- A. a high-protein meal
- B. a high-fat meal
- C. a large meal regardless of nutrient content
- D. a high-carbohydrate meal
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Meals that are high in carbohydrates promote rapid gastric emptying. The other options are associated with decreased emptying time.