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A pregnant patient is concerned about preeclampsia, as she has a family history of the condition. Which of the following should the nurse prioritize in monitoring this patient?
- A. Frequent assessment of blood pressure and urine for protein
- B. Monitoring for abdominal pain and nausea
- C. Increasing the patient's fluid intake to avoid dehydration
- D. Encouraging the patient to rest and avoid strenuous activity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because preeclampsia is characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria. Monitoring blood pressure and urine for protein is essential for early detection and intervention. Choice B is incorrect as abdominal pain and nausea are not specific symptoms of preeclampsia. Choice C is incorrect because excessive fluid intake can worsen preeclampsia. Choice D is incorrect as rest alone cannot prevent or manage preeclampsia. Prioritizing blood pressure and urine monitoring helps identify and manage preeclampsia efficiently.
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Which client consumed the most dairy servings in one day?
- A. Client 1
- B. Client 2
- C. Client 3
- D. Client 4
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Client 2 consumed the highest number of dairy servings based on the provided quantities of yogurt, milk, cottage cheese, and hard cheese.
A pregnant patient who is 28 weeks gestation reports a sudden increase in vaginal discharge. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Instruct the patient to use a sanitary pad and monitor for any changes.
- B. Assess the discharge for characteristics such as color, odor, and consistency.
- C. Encourage the patient to rest and avoid physical activity for 24 hours.
- D. Call the healthcare provider immediately to report the increase in discharge.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess the discharge for characteristics such as color, odor, and consistency. This is the priority action because sudden changes in vaginal discharge during pregnancy could indicate a potential infection or other complications that need to be promptly addressed. By assessing the characteristics of the discharge, the nurse can gather important information to determine the appropriate next steps, whether it requires immediate medical attention or can be managed with monitoring.
Choice A is incorrect because simply using a sanitary pad and monitoring for changes does not address the underlying cause of the increased discharge. Choice C is incorrect as rest alone may not address the potential issue with the discharge. Choice D is also incorrect because while contacting the healthcare provider is important, assessing the discharge first provides crucial information for a more informed discussion with the provider.
What does the nurse explain can affect the survival of the X- and Y-bearing sperm after intercourse?
- A. Age
- B. Estrogen level
- C. Body temperature
- D. Level of feminine hygiene
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Estrogen levels and the pH of the female reproductive tract can affect the survival of the X- and Y-bearing sperm as well as their motility.
A nurse midwife has advised a 39-week gestation gravid to take evening primrose oil 2,500 mg daily as a complementary therapy. This suggestion was made because evening primrose has been shown to perform which of the following actions?
- A. Relieve back strain.
- B. Improve development of colostrum.
- C. Ripen the cervix.
- D. Reduce the incidence of hemorrhoids.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Evening primrose oil is believed to help ripen the cervix in preparation for labor. It is not typically used to relieve back strain, improve colostrum development, or reduce hemorrhoids.
The nurse is assessing a pregnant patient who is 30 weeks gestation and reports severe lower back pain. What is the most appropriate intervention for the nurse to recommend?
- A. Instruct the patient to lie flat on her back to relieve pain.
- B. Encourage the patient to perform gentle stretching exercises and maintain good posture.
- C. Encourage the patient to rest in bed and avoid any physical activity.
- D. Recommend taking over-the-counter pain medication to alleviate discomfort.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encourage the patient to perform gentle stretching exercises and maintain good posture. This option promotes active management of lower back pain in pregnancy by improving muscle strength and flexibility, reducing strain on the back. Stretching exercises can help alleviate discomfort and improve posture, which are important for managing back pain during pregnancy. Option A is incorrect as lying flat on the back is contraindicated in pregnancy due to the risk of supine hypotensive syndrome. Option C is incorrect as complete bed rest is not recommended for back pain management. Option D is incorrect as over-the-counter pain medication should be used judiciously during pregnancy and is not the first-line intervention for managing back pain.