Nokea
A pregnant woman reports back pain and wants to try a complementary alternative medicine (CAM) therapy. The nurse knows that which CAM would be contraindicated?
- A. Magnet therapy
- B. Aromatherapy
- C. Imagery
- D. Therapeutic touch
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Magnet therapy. Magnet therapy is contraindicated in pregnancy due to the risk of unknown effects on the fetus. Magnets may interfere with the body's natural magnetic fields, potentially causing harm to the developing baby. Aromatherapy (B), imagery (C), and therapeutic touch (D) are generally considered safe during pregnancy when performed by trained professionals and with appropriate precautions. Aromatherapy uses essential oils, imagery involves mental visualization techniques, and therapeutic touch uses energy-based techniques that do not pose significant risks to the pregnant woman or the fetus.
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A concerned nursing student calls the office of an elected official to voice support for the bill to ban smoking in all public places. The secretary asks, "Are you a constituent?" What does the term constituent mean?
- A. A member of a professional organization who supports the organization's political issue
- B. A citizen who is registered and is eligible to vote for a representative
- C. An elected official who proposes legislation to be considered as a potential law
- D. A member of the House of Representatives who is seeking support for a particular bill
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a constituent refers to a citizen who is registered and eligible to vote for a representative. In this scenario, the nursing student is calling the office of an elected official, indicating that they are a citizen who can vote for that official.
Choice A is incorrect as it refers to a member of a professional organization, not a citizen eligible to vote. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to an elected official, not a citizen. Choice D is incorrect as it refers to a member of the House of Representatives, not a citizen eligible to vote.
An RN delegates to an experienced LPN/LVN the task of administering oral medications to a group of patients. The LPN/LVN accepts the assignment, and the RN knows that the LPN/LVN has had the training and has acquired the skills needed to complete the task. The RN then observes the LPN/LVN recording a patient's medication administration just before entering the patient's room. The priority intervention by the RN is to:
- A. check the patient's drug packages to ensure that the correct drugs were given.
- B. stop the LPN/LVN immediately and discuss the possible consequences of his actions in a nonjudgmental manner.
- C. contact the nurse manager and ask that the LPN/LVN's license be suspended.
- D. call the pharmacy and ask for replacement medications for the patients.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: stop the LPN/LVN immediately and discuss the possible consequences of his actions in a nonjudgmental manner. This is the priority intervention because it addresses the immediate issue of potentially incorrect documentation and allows for clarity and understanding between the RN and LPN/LVN. It promotes open communication and a chance to correct any errors that may have occurred.
Choice A is incorrect because checking the drug packages after the fact does not address the issue of potentially incorrect documentation and missed medications.
Choice C is incorrect as it is an extreme response that does not promote a collaborative and educational approach to resolving the situation.
Choice D is incorrect as calling the pharmacy for replacement medications is not necessary at this stage and does not address the immediate concern of potentially incorrect documentation.
A nurse who is teaching a class to introduce telehealth to the staff would include which example?
- A. A robot performs menial housekeeping chores for an invalid patient.
- B. A computer software program alerts the nurse or physician who is reviewing orders that an order for a new drug can cause synergy of the theophylline inhaler.
- C. A physician speaks into a computer, and the admission history is recorded and saved in the patient file.
- D. While a patient in Wyoming performs peritoneal dialysis, a nurse watches remotely from California to ensure that all steps are being followed correctly.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it demonstrates the use of telehealth in monitoring and providing remote care to a patient. In this scenario, a nurse is able to supervise and ensure the correct execution of peritoneal dialysis by observing the patient from a different location. This exemplifies the practical application of telehealth in enhancing patient care and safety.
Choice A is incorrect because it describes a robot performing housekeeping chores, which is not directly related to telehealth or patient care. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on computer software alerting about drug interactions, but it does not involve remote patient care or monitoring. Choice C is incorrect as it describes a physician dictating an admission history, which is not a direct example of telehealth involving remote patient monitoring or care.
Nurses on a unit met with the nurse manager as part of participatory budgeting. They ask, "What exactly is the difference between fixed and variable costs? Understanding this will help us better understand the budgeting process." The manager provides a definition and asks the staff to list types of direct and indirect cost. Which example would indicate a need for further teaching?
- A. Fixed costs would include accreditation fees.
- B. Fixed cost would include the cost for the automated medication-dispensing system.
- C. Variable cost would include the nurse manager's salary.
- D. Variable cost would include the salary expense for registered nurses.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the nurse manager's salary is typically considered a fixed cost, not a variable cost. Fixed costs remain constant regardless of the level of production or activity, while variable costs change in direct proportion to the level of activity. The nurse manager's salary is a fixed cost because it remains the same regardless of how many nurses are employed or how many patients are being cared for.
A: Fixed costs such as accreditation fees are correct examples.
B: Fixed costs like the cost for the automated medication-dispensing system are also correct examples.
D: Variable costs like the salary expense for registered nurses are correct examples.
Therefore, choice C would indicate a need for further teaching as it misidentifies the nurse manager's salary as a variable cost when it should be classified as a fixed cost.
The research hypothesis is that aromatherapy reduces stress more effectively than does acupuncture. The researcher does not identify a control group. This study would be a(n) design.
- A. experimental
- B. quasi-experimental
- C. survey
- D. meta-analysis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: experimental design. In an experimental design, the researcher manipulates one variable (aromatherapy vs. acupuncture) to observe its effect on another variable (stress). Without a control group, it is impossible to establish a baseline for comparison. A control group is essential to isolate the effects of the treatment from other variables. Quasi-experimental designs lack random assignment, surveys are used to gather data rather than test hypotheses, and meta-analyses involve combining and analyzing results from multiple studies.