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A primary health care provider has written a prescription for a client diagnosed with diabetic gastroparesis to receive metoclopramide four times a day. The nurse schedules this medication to be given at which times?
- A. With each meal and at bedtime
- B. Thirty minutes before meals and at bedtime
- C. One hour after each meal and at bedtime
- D. Every 6 hours spaced evenly around the clock
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metoclopramide stimulates the motility of the upper gastrointestinal tract and is used to treat gastroparesis (nausea, vomiting, and persistent fullness after meals). The client should be taught to take this medication 30 minutes before meals and at bedtime. The before-meals administration allows the medication time to begin working before the client consumes food that requires digestion. The other options suggest information that is incorrect.
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Your client is receiving brachytherapy. What nursing intervention should you implement for this client?
- A. Exclude pregnant visitors from the client's room.
- B. Place the client in a negative pressure room.
- C. Have all visitors wear protective masks and boots.
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Brachytherapy involves internal radiation, posing a risk to pregnant individuals due to radiation exposure. Excluding pregnant visitors minimizes this risk.
The nurse is preparing to administer a blood transfusion. Which solution should be used to prime the tubing?
- A. Dextrose 5% in water.
- B. Lactated Ringer's.
- C. 0.9% sodium chloride.
- D. Heparinized saline.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 0.9% sodium chloride is compatible with blood products and used to prime tubing to prevent hemolysis.
A client with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) reports joint pain and fatigue. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?
- A. Administer analgesics as ordered
- B. Encourage high-impact exercise
- C. Apply cold packs to joints
- D. Restrict fluid intake
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administering analgesics addresses joint pain, a common SLE symptom, improving comfort and quality of life.
A client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed ipratropium (Atrovent). The nurse should instruct the client to:
- A. Rinse the mouth after inhalation.
- B. Take the medication with meals.
- C. Avoid using the inhaler during an acute attack.
- D. Stop the medication if dizziness occurs.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth after ipratropium inhalation prevents oral irritation or infection.
A client with chronic kidney disease is on a low-potassium diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?
- A. Bananas
- B. Apples
- C. Oranges
- D. Potatoes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Apples are low in potassium, suitable for a renal diet. Bananas, oranges, and potatoes are high in potassium and should be avoided.