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A psychiatric clinical nurse specialist uses cognitive therapy with a patient with anorexia nervosa. Which statement by the nurse supports this type of therapy?
- A. What are your feelings about not eating foods you prepare?
- B. You seem to feel much better about yourself when you eat something.
- C. It must be difficult to talk about private matters to someone you just met.
- D. Being thin doesn't seem to solve problems. You're thin now but still unhappy.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it reflects a key principle of cognitive therapy, which is challenging distorted thoughts and beliefs. In this statement, the nurse is helping the patient recognize that being thin has not resolved their underlying unhappiness. This challenges the patient's belief that thinness equals happiness, promoting insight and cognitive restructuring.
A: This statement focuses on emotions related to food and preparation, not directly challenging distorted thoughts.
B: This statement focuses on self-esteem related to eating, not directly challenging distorted thoughts.
C: This statement addresses the difficulty of sharing personal information, not directly challenging distorted thoughts.
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The most widely used system of psychological classification today is
- A. the Freudian Psychoanalytic System (FPS)
- B. found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)
- C. the system designed by Emil Kraepelin and Eugen Bleuler
- D. to be found in the Federal Uniform Code of Psychopathology (UCP)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The DSM-IV (now DSM-5) is the standard diagnostic system globally used in psychology.
A patient tells a nurse, 'The others won't give me my pain meds early, but you are more understanding, you know what it's like to be in pain, and you don't want to see your patients suffer. Could you find a way to get me my pill now? I won't tell anyone.' Which response by the nurse would be most therapeutic?
- A. I'm not comfortable doing that,' then ignore subsequent requests for early meds.
- B. I'll have to check with your doctor about that; I will get back to you after I do.'
- C. It would be unsafe to give the medicine early; none of us will do that.'
- D. I understand that you have pain, but giving medicine too soon would not be safe.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Acknowledge the patient's pain and show understanding.
Step 2: Emphasize the importance of safety in medication administration.
Step 3: Set clear boundaries by explaining why giving medicine too soon is unsafe.
Step 4: Reiterate empathy for the patient's pain while prioritizing safety.
Summary: Answer D is correct as it acknowledges the patient's pain, emphasizes safety, sets clear boundaries, and maintains empathy. Other choices either ignore the patient's request, defer responsibility, or solely focus on safety without empathy.
An emergency department nurse prepares to assist with examination of a sexual assault victim. What equipment will be needed to collect and document forensic evidence? Select all that apply.
- A. Body map.
- B. DNA swabs.
- C. Photographs.
- D. Pulse oximeter.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Body map. In cases of sexual assault, a body map is essential to document and track injuries and evidence. It helps in accurately recording the location and nature of injuries on the victim's body. DNA swabs and photographs are also important for collecting forensic evidence. DNA swabs can help in identifying the perpetrator, while photographs can visually document injuries and evidence. However, a pulse oximeter is not typically needed for collecting forensic evidence in cases of sexual assault. It is used to measure oxygen saturation in the blood and is not directly relevant to documenting forensic evidence in this context.
Major concerns of the elderly living alone in their home are: (Name 2)
- A. Safety
- B. Quality of life
- C. Support system
- D. Access to medical care
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Support system (C) is another major concern for the elderly living alone, ensuring they have assistance when needed. The question asks for two concerns, with safety (A) as the first and support system as the second common issue.
A woman became severely depressed when the last of her six children moved out of the home 4 months ago. Since then she has neglected to care for herself, sleeps poorly, lost weight, and repeatedly states, "No one cares about me anymore. I'm worthless." After hospitalization, the nursing diagnosis of situational low self-esteem related to feelings of abandonment was identified. The nurse wishes to reinforce the patient's self-esteem by acknowledging the improvement in her personal appearance. She's wearing a new dress and has combed her hair. The most appropriate remark would be:
- A. You look very nice this morning, Mrs. J.
- B. I like the dress you're wearing, it's very pretty.
- C. What brought about this glamorous transformation?
- D. You've combed your hair and are wearing a new dress.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it directly compliments Mrs. J's personal appearance, reinforcing her self-esteem. By stating "You look very nice this morning, Mrs. J," the nurse acknowledges and validates Mrs. J's efforts to improve her appearance, which can help boost her self-esteem.
Choice B focuses solely on the dress, not directly addressing Mrs. J's overall appearance. Choice C may come across as insincere or too focused on the transformation rather than Mrs. J herself. Choice D, while acknowledging the hair and dress, lacks the personal and direct compliment needed to reinforce self-esteem effectively.
In summary, choice A is the best option as it provides a genuine and direct compliment that can positively impact Mrs. J's self-esteem.