Nokea
A public health nurse working in a rural area is developing a program to improve health for the local population. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
- A. Launch a media campaign to increase awareness about industrial pollution.
- B. Have a nurse from outside the community provide health lectures at the county hospital.
- C. Encourage rural residents to focus health spending on tertiary health interventions.
- D. Provide anticipatory guidance classes to parents through public schools.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because providing anticipatory guidance classes to parents through public schools is an effective strategy to improve health outcomes in a rural area. This approach promotes preventive health measures, educates parents on child development and safety, and empowers them to make informed health decisions. It also reaches a wide audience and utilizes existing community resources.
A) Launching a media campaign about industrial pollution may raise awareness but does not directly address the health needs of the local population.
B) Having a nurse from outside the community provide health lectures may not be as effective as engaging with local healthcare providers who understand the community's unique needs.
C) Focusing health spending on tertiary interventions is costly and may not address the root causes of health issues in a rural area.
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A nurse is caring for a client who asks for information regarding organ donation. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. Your desire to be an organ donor must be documented in writing
- B. Performing a physical examination of an ill client
- C. Providing treatment and health education to a client with a disease
- D. Giving some of their own surplus clothes to those who can use them
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because organ donation requires documented consent to ensure the individual's wishes are respected. This documentation is crucial for legal and ethical reasons. Choice B is incorrect as it pertains to conducting a physical examination, not related to organ donation. Choice C focuses on treatment and health education, not addressing the client's inquiry about organ donation. Choice D involves donating clothes, which is unrelated to organ donation. Therefore, A is the correct response as it addresses the client's query about organ donation by emphasizing the need for written documentation.
A health care provider is concerned about the high number of clients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have poor glucose control. What would be the best reference for the provider to implement evidence-based practice (EBP) in the management of this problem?
- A. Published protocols
- B. Current research findings
- C. Opinions of colleagues
- D. Nursing journals
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Current research findings. This is the best reference for the provider to implement evidence-based practice (EBP) in managing clients with poor glucose control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Current research findings provide the latest evidence-based interventions and recommendations that have been rigorously tested and proven effective. By utilizing current research findings, the provider can ensure that the management strategies implemented are based on the most up-to-date and reliable information. Published protocols (choice A) may be outdated or not as evidence-based, opinions of colleagues (choice C) may vary and not always be based on research, and nursing journals (choice D) may contain a mix of research findings and opinions. It's important to prioritize current research findings for the most reliable and effective evidence-based practice in this scenario.
Select the great public health achievements in the United States in the 20th century. (Select all that apply.)
- A. Elimination of common infectious diseases
- B. Recognition of tobacco as a health hazard
- C. Fluoridation of drinking water
- D. Healthier mothers and babies
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Elimination of common infectious diseases. This achievement significantly improved public health by decreasing morbidity and mortality rates. It was made possible through advancements in vaccination programs, sanitation practices, and public health education. This achievement led to the eradication of diseases like smallpox and the near-elimination of diseases like polio. The other choices are incorrect because although they are also important public health achievements, they do not have the same widespread impact as the elimination of common infectious diseases. Recognizing tobacco as a health hazard (B) led to public health campaigns and regulations but did not have the same broad-reaching impact. Fluoridation of drinking water (C) improved dental health but did not have the same magnitude of impact on overall public health. Healthier mothers and babies (D) is crucial but does not encompass the scope of achievement represented by the elimination of common infectious diseases.
Which was a duty performed by district nurses in Liverpool, England, in 1865?
- A. Use epidemiologic knowledge and methods
- B. Encourage community organization
- C. Report facts to and ask questions of physicians
- D. Assist physicians with surgery in the newly constructed hospitals
- F. Identifying potential negative outcomes due to exposure to the toxic chemicals
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. District nurses in Liverpool in 1865 reported facts to and asked questions of physicians. This duty was crucial for proper patient care as it ensured that physicians were informed about the patient's condition and could provide appropriate treatment. Other choices are incorrect because: A) Epidemiologic knowledge and methods were not commonly used by district nurses at that time. B) Encouraging community organization was not a primary duty of district nurses. D) District nurses did not typically assist physicians with surgery. F) Identifying potential negative outcomes due to exposure to toxic chemicals was not a common duty of district nurses in 1865 Liverpool.
A nurse is caring for an older client who is struggling to manage her type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize which social determinants of this client's health? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Household income of $23,000 per year
- B. Reading level of a third grader
- C. Medication ineffective due to error in prescription
- D. Originally from Sudan
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Household income of $23,000 per year. This is a social determinant of health because low income can impact access to healthy foods, medications, and healthcare services, affecting diabetes management. Choice B, reading level, is related to health literacy but not specifically a social determinant in this scenario. Choice C, medication error, is a healthcare system issue. Choice D, origin from Sudan, is related to cultural background but not directly a social determinant affecting diabetes management.