Nokea
A relaxation technique that can be used during the childbirth experience to decrease maternal pain perception is
- A. using increased environmental stimulation as a method of distraction.
- B. restricting family and friends from visiting during the labor period to keep the patient focused on breathing techniques.
- C. medicating the patient frequently to reduce pain perception.
- D. assisting the patient in breathing methods aimed at taking control of pain perception based on the contraction pattern.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why answer D is correct:
1. Breathing techniques help in managing pain perception during labor.
2. By assisting the patient in breathing methods, she gains control over her pain perception.
3. Controlled breathing can help distract from the intensity of contractions.
4. By focusing on breathing patterns, the patient can stay calm and manage pain effectively.
Summary:
A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not address pain management directly through breathing techniques. Option A relies on distraction, B focuses on isolation rather than coping mechanisms, and C suggests heavy reliance on medication rather than self-control.
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The nurse is preparing to teach a client how to perform daily fetal kick counts. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to give the client?
- A. Count fetal kicks prior to eating a meal
- B. Lie on back when counting kicks
- C. Call provider if at least three movements are not felt in 1 hour
- D. Count all movements over 1 hour
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Call provider if at least three movements are not felt in 1 hour. This instruction is crucial because decreased fetal movements can indicate potential fetal distress. By advising the client to contact the healthcare provider if fewer than three movements are felt in an hour, the nurse is emphasizing the importance of promptly seeking medical attention when there may be a concern for the baby's well-being.
A: Counting kicks prior to eating a meal is not as important as monitoring the baby's movements consistently throughout the day.
B: Lying on the back when counting kicks is not recommended, as it can reduce blood flow to the uterus and potentially affect the baby.
D: Counting all movements over 1 hour may not capture a decrease in movements that could be a cause for concern, as the focus should be on monitoring a specific minimum number of movements within a set timeframe.
In summary, the correct answer emphasizes the need for prompt action in case of decreased fetal movements, while
In 2000, the perinatal mortality rate in one county was 16. The nurse interprets that information as which of the following?
- A. 16 babies died between 28 and 40 weeks' gestation per 1,000 full-term pregnancies.
- B. 16 babies died between 28 weeks' gestation and 28 days of age per 1,000 live births.
- C. 16 babies died between birth and 1 month of life per 1,000 full-term pregnancies.
- D. 16 babies died between 1 month of life and 1 year of life per 1,000 live births.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The perinatal mortality rate includes deaths from 28 weeks of gestation to 28 days after birth per 1,000 live births.
Which factors should be considered a contraindication for transcervical chorionic villus sampling?
- A. Rh-negative mother
- B. Gestation less than 15 weeks
- C. Maternal age younger than 35 years
- D. Positive for group B Streptococcus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because being positive for group B Streptococcus can increase the risk of infection during transcervical chorionic villus sampling, making it a contraindication. Rh-negative mother (A) and maternal age younger than 35 years (C) are not contraindications. Gestation less than 15 weeks (B) is not a strict contraindication but may affect the accuracy of the procedure.
The nurse is caring for a patient whose insurance coverage is Medicare. The nurse should consider which information when planning care for this patient?
- A. Capitation provides the hospital with a means of recovering variable charges.
- B. The hospital will be paid for the full cost of the patient’s hospitalization.
- C. Diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) provide a fixed reimbursement of cost.
- D. Medicare will pay the national average for the patient’s condition.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In 1983, Congress established the prospective payment system (PPS), which grouped inpatient hospital services for Medicare patients into diagnosis-related groups (DRGs), each of which provides a fixed reimbursement amount based on assigned DRG, regardless of a patient’s length of stay or use of services.
Which laboratory result would be a cause for concern if exhibited by a patient at her first prenatal visit during the second month of her pregnancy?
- A. Rubella titer, 1:6
- B. Platelets, 300,000/mm3
- C. White blood cell count, 6000/mm3
- D. Hematocrit 38%, hemoglobin 13 g/dL
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Rubella titer, 1:6. A low rubella titer indicates susceptibility to rubella infection, which can be harmful during pregnancy. Rubella can lead to birth defects or miscarriage. Platelets, WBC count, and hematocrit/hemoglobin levels are within normal range and not typically concerning during the early stages of pregnancy.