Nokea
A scientist wants to conduct quantitative research. Which method should they use?
- A. Collecting patient narratives.
- B. Tracking the dosage of a drug and its blood levels in the patient.
- C. Observing a patient's physical changes.
- D. Writing journal notes about the research experience.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In quantitative research, numerical data is collected and analyzed. Choice B, tracking the dosage of a drug and its blood levels in the patient, involves collecting quantitative data, making it the correct method. Choices A, C, and D involve qualitative data such as narratives, physical observations, and journal notes, which do not align with the quantitative research method.
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Which concentration unit depends on pressure?
- A. ppm
- B. ppb
- C. molarity
- D. molarity, ppb, and ppm
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 'C: molarity.' Molarity is the concentration unit that depends on pressure. In molarity, the concentration of a solution is expressed as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. This means that changes in pressure can affect the volume of the solution and consequently the concentration. Choices A and B, ppm (parts per million) and ppb (parts per billion), respectively, are independent of pressure variations as they are based on mass ratios. Therefore, molarity is the only concentration unit listed that is directly influenced by changes in pressure.
What is the main function of the respiratory system?
- A. To absorb nutrients
- B. To exchange gases
- C. To transport oxygen
- D. To regulate blood pressure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The main function of the respiratory system is to exchange gases, primarily oxygen and carbon dioxide, between the body and the environment. Option A, 'To absorb nutrients,' is incorrect because the respiratory system is not involved in nutrient absorption. Option C, 'To transport oxygen,' is partially correct, but it doesn't encompass the complete role of gas exchange that includes both oxygen and carbon dioxide. Option D, 'To regulate blood pressure,' is incorrect as blood pressure regulation is primarily controlled by the cardiovascular system, not the respiratory system.
Following the scientific method, which steps would be done before gathering qualitative data?
- A. Communicate with a scientific journal
- B. Define the problem
- C. Develop a hypothesis
- D. Categorize data for statistical analysis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the scientific method, defining the problem is typically the initial step. Before gathering qualitative data, it is essential to clearly outline and understand the issue or question being addressed. This step helps in guiding the research process and ensures that the data collected are relevant to the problem at hand. Communicating with a scientific journal (Choice A) is not a standard step in the scientific method; it comes after the research is conducted. Developing a hypothesis (Choice C) usually follows defining the problem and precedes data collection. Categorizing data for statistical analysis (Choice D) occurs after data collection, not before gathering qualitative data.
Consider the graph representing a botanist's data on root growth. What is the independent variable?
- A. Temperature
- B. Root tissue
- C. Light exposure
- D. Root length
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The independent variable is the factor that is intentionally changed or manipulated by the researcher. In this case, light exposure is the independent variable because it is being controlled and tested to observe its effect on root growth. Choices A, B, and D are not the independent variable in this scenario. Temperature, root tissue, and root length are likely dependent variables that could be influenced by the changes in light exposure.
Where does the electron transport chain occur in the cell?
- A. Cytosol
- B. Golgi apparatus
- C. Inner mitochondrial membrane
- D. Nucleus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The electron transport chain occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This process is crucial for the generation of ATP, the cell's energy currency. Choice A (Cytosol) is incorrect as the electron transport chain does not take place in the cytosol. Choice B (Golgi apparatus) is also incorrect as the Golgi apparatus is involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging of proteins. Choice D (Nucleus) is incorrect as the nucleus houses the cell's genetic material but is not the location of the electron transport chain.