Nokea
A student nurse is learning about prenatal testing for fetal genetic disorders and neural tube defects. What prenatal tests are screening tests in the second trimester? Select all that apply.
- A. amniocentesis
- B. multiple marker
- C. cell-free DNA
- D. chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Screening tests include multiple markers and alpha-fetoprotein, while amniocentesis and CVS are diagnostic.
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The most basic information a maternity nurse should have concerning conception is that:
- A. Ova are considered fertile 48 to 72 hours after ovulation.
- B. Sperm remain viable in the woman's reproductive system for an average of 12 to 24 hours.
- C. Conception is achieved when a sperm successfully penetrates the membrane surrounding the ovum.
- D. Implantation in the endometrium occurs 6 to 10 days after conception.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: After implantation, the endometrium is called the decidua.
Many parents-to-be have questions about multiple births. Maternity nurses should be able to tell them that:
- A. Twinning and other multiple births are increasing because of the use of fertility drugs and delayed childbearing.
- B. Dizygotic twins (two fertilized ova) have the potential to be conjoined twins.
- C. Fraternal twins are same gender, usually male.
- D. Identical twins are more common in white families.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Twinning and other multiple births are increasing due to fertility drugs and delayed childbearing.
What is the purpose of cell-free DNA screening done in the first trimester?
- A. to determining the gender of the fetus
- B. to check for multiple fetuses
- C. to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus
- D. to measure the growth and development of the fetus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cell-free DNA is used to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities. It does not determine gender or measure growth and development.
A patient who has just received confirmation that she is pregnant is distressed because she has a seizure disorder that she manages with carbamazepine. Which is the nurse’s greatest concern?
- A. The carbamazepine may be discontinued.
- B. The pregnancy is likely to end with fetal demise.
- C. The fetus will experience loss of vision and hearing.
- D. Carbamazepine is teratogenic and causes neural and facial defects.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Carbamazepine is a teratogenic drug that poses risks of neural tube defects and craniofacial abnormalities, making this the greatest concern.
The nurse is providing patient education regarding lower back discomfort during pregnancy. Identify the relief measure the nurse would discuss with the pregnant person.
- A. pelvic tilt exercise
- B. sit in a hot tub
- C. sleep on a soft mattress
- D. wear a girdle
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pelvic tilt exercises help relieve lower back pain during pregnancy. Hot tubs, soft mattresses, and girdles are not recommended remedies.