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In which structure does fertilization usually occur?
- A. the ovary
- B. the uterus
- C. the fallopian tube
- D. the vagina
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fertilization typically occurs in the fallopian tube, where the sperm meets the ovum.
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A man's wife is pregnant for the third time. One child was born with cystic fibrosis, and the other child is healthy. The man wonders what the chance is that this child will have cystic fibrosis. This type of testing is known as:
- A. Occurrence risk.
- B. Recurrence risk.
- C. Predictive testing.
- D. Predisposition testing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The couple already has a child with a genetic disease so they will be given a recurrence risk test.
A student nurse is learning about prenatal testing for fetal genetic disorders and neural tube defects. What prenatal tests are screening tests in the second trimester? Select all that apply.
- A. amniocentesis
- B. multiple marker
- C. cell-free DNA
- D. chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Screening tests include multiple markers and alpha-fetoprotein, while amniocentesis and CVS are diagnostic.
The nurse is providing care to a pregnant person at 34 weeks’ gestation who is experiencing heartburn. The pregnant person asks why they are experiencing heartburn so often. What is the appropriate nurse’s response to the pregnant person’s question?
- A. Heartburn is common during pregnancy because of the increase in food cravings.
- B. Heartburn increases during pregnancy because of the increase in salivation.
- C. Heartburn occurs because the cardiac sphincter relaxes, allowing stomach acid to come up into the esophagus.
- D. The increase in a pregnant person’s metabolism causes an increase in stomach acid and heartburn.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Heartburn occurs because the cardiac sphincter relaxes, allowing acid reflux. Other options are incorrect causes.
A 36-year-old G2P0 patient has been told that she has hydramnios. She asks what might have caused this and if it will cause complications. What is the nurse’s correct response?
- A. It is a decrease in the amount of amniotic fluid that occurs as a result of a neural tube defect.
- B. It is an increase in the amount of amniotic fluid, which can compress the baby’s cord.
- C. It is an increase in amniotic fluid that can occur as a result of having diabetes mellitus.
- D. It is a decrease in the amount of amniotic fluid that can cause preterm labor.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hydramnios involves increased amniotic fluid, often linked to diabetes mellitus and may compress the umbilical cord.
Match each term with its description. Zygote
- A. None
- B. None
- C. Part of the blastocyst that will develop into the embryo.
- D. None
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Zygote develops into the embryo.