Nokea
A total thyroidectomy is ordered following discovery of a cold nodule. In this case of hyperthyroidism versus malignancy, the nurse anticipates that the patient will have:
- A. A complete thyroidectomy also
- B. a partial thyroidectomy (approximately one-half of the thyroid is removed)
- C. a partial thyroidectomy (approximately five-sixths of the thyroid is removed)
- D. administration of thyroid medication
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A total thyroidectomy is the removal of the entire thyroid gland. In the case of a cold nodule, which may indicate malignancy, a total thyroidectomy is usually performed to ensure complete removal of the potentially cancerous tissue. Hyperthyroidism, on the other hand, can often be managed with medication or a partial thyroidectomy, depending on the underlying condition. In this scenario, the presence of a cold nodule suggests a higher likelihood of malignancy, hence the need for a total thyroidectomy.
You may also like to solve these questions
Vitamin A supplementation may be recommended for the young child who has which disease?
- A. Mumps
- B. Rubella
- C. Measles (rubeola)
- D. Erythema infectiosum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vitamin A supplementation may be recommended for children with measles (rubeola) due to the disease's association with vitamin A deficiency. Measles can lead to reduced levels of vitamin A in the body, which can result in increased severity of symptoms, complications, and even death. Supplementing with vitamin A during and after a measles infection helps reduce the risk of complications and mortality, particularly in young children under the age of 5 in areas where vitamin A deficiency is common. Therefore, providing vitamin A supplementation to children with measles is an important intervention to support their recovery and improve outcomes.
Which describes marasmus?
- A. Deficiency of protein with an adequate supply of calories
- B. Not confined to geographic areas where food supplies are inadequate
- C. Syndrome that results solely from vitamin deficiencies
- D. Characterized by thin, wasted extremities and a prominent abdomen resulting from edema (ascites)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Marasmus is a form of severe malnutrition characterized by a deficiency of both calories and protein in the diet. It typically occurs in young children and is often associated with a lack of adequate food intake. The classic presentation of marasmus includes extreme wasting of muscle and fat tissues, resulting in a gaunt appearance with thin limbs and a distended abdomen due to diminished muscle and subcutaneous fat. This differentiates it from kwashiorkor, another form of severe acute malnutrition characterized by edema and a protruding belly but with retained muscle mass. Therefore, option D, characterized by thin, wasted extremities and a prominent abdomen resulting from edema (ascites), accurately describes marasmus.
Which type of leukemia has been MOST likely developed in a 2-year-old child with Down syndrome in the neonatal period?
- A. ALL
- B. CML
- C. AML M1
- D. AML M6
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Transient myeloproliferative disorder in neonates with Down syndrome can evolve into AML M6.
Where do the lesions of atopic dermatitis (eczema) most commonly occur in the infant? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Cheeks
- B. Buttocks
- C. Extensor surfaces of arms and legs
- D. Back
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In infants with atopic dermatitis (eczema), the lesions most commonly occur on the cheeks (option A) and the extensor surfaces of the arms and legs (option C). The cheeks are a common site of involvement due to increased exposure to irritants and saliva from drooling. The extensor surfaces of the arms and legs are also frequently affected due to scratching and rubbing against clothing. While atopic dermatitis can occur in other areas such as the buttocks, back, and trunk, the cheeks and extensor surfaces are the most common locations in infants.
A neonate, who was delivered by Cesarean section for a breech presentation, is being examined in the neonatal nursery. For which of the following complications should the nurse carefully assess the baby?
- A. Developmental dysplasia of the hips (DDH)
- B. Legg-Calve-Perthes (LCP)
- C. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)
- D. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A neonate delivered by Cesarean section for a breech presentation is at higher risk for developmental dysplasia of the hips (DDH). Breech presentation, especially frank breech, increases the chance of hip instability and DDH due to the positioning of the legs in utero. DDH is a condition where the ball and socket joint of the hip does not properly form, leading to potential dislocation of the hip joint. It is important for the nurse to carefully assess the neonate for signs of hip dysplasia, such as limited hip abduction or asymmetry in the thigh folds, to facilitate early detection and intervention for optimal outcomes. Legg-Calve-Perthes (LCP), Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), and slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) are not specifically related to breech delivery, and therefore, are less likely to be