Nokea
A woman is at 14 weeks of gestation. The nurse would expect to palpate the fundus at which level?
- A. Not palpable above the symphysis at this time
- B. Slightly above the symphysis pubis
- C. At the level of the umbilicus
- D. Slightly above the umbilicus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: At 14 weeks of gestation, the fundus should be palpable slightly above the symphysis pubis. This is because the fundus gradually rises with the progression of pregnancy. At this stage, the uterus is still within the pelvis and hasn't yet reached the level of the umbilicus or above it. Choice A is incorrect as some level of fundal height should be palpable by this time. Choice C is incorrect as the fundus is not expected to be at the level of the umbilicus until around 20 weeks. Choice D is also incorrect as the fundus would not typically be palpable slightly above the umbilicus until later in the pregnancy.
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Some pregnant patients may complain of changes in their voice and impaired hearing. The nurse can tell these patients that these are common reactions to:
- A. a decreased estrogen level
- B. displacement of the diaphragm, resulting in thoracic breathing
- C. congestion and swelling, which occur because the upper respiratory tract has become more vascular
- D. increased blood volume
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased estrogen levels cause vascular congestion and swelling in the upper respiratory tract, affecting voice and hearing.
During vital sign assessment of a pregnant patient in her third trimester, the patient complains of
feeling faint, dizzy, and agitated. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
- A. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
- B. Have the patient stand up and retake her blood pressur
- C. Have the patient sit down and hold her arm in a dependent position.
- D. Have the patient turn to her left side and recheck her blood pressure in 5 minutes.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Have the patient turn to her left side and recheck her blood pressure in 5 minutes. This intervention is most appropriate because the patient is experiencing symptoms of potential hypotension, common in pregnant women due to changes in blood volume and hormonal levels. Turning the patient to her left side helps improve blood flow to the heart and can alleviate symptoms. Rechecking the blood pressure in 5 minutes allows for monitoring of any changes.
Choice A is incorrect as it does not provide a specific intervention. Choice B is incorrect as having the patient stand up may worsen symptoms. Choice C is incorrect as holding the arm in a dependent position may not effectively address the underlying issue of hypotension.
The fallopian tubes are:
- A. Hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organs located posterior and superior to the urinary bladder
- B. A pair of muscular tubes that extend from the left and right superior corners of the uterus to the edge of the ovaries
- C. The lower, narrow part of the uterus (womb), forming a canal that opens into the vagina, which leads to the outside of the body
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The fallopian tubes transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus and are the site of fertilisation.
To reassure and educate pregnant patients about the functioning of their kidneys in eliminating waste products, maternity nurses should be aware that:
- A. increased urinary output makes pregnant women less susceptible to urinary infection.
- B. increased bladder sensitivity and then compression of the bladder by the enlarging uterus results in the urge to urinate even if the bladder is almost empty.
- C. renal (kidney) function is more efficient when the woman assumes a supine position.
- D. using diuretics during pregnancy can help keep kidney function regular.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Increased bladder sensitivity and compression by the enlarging uterus lead to the urge to urinate even if the bladder is almost empty. This is due to the pressure exerted on the bladder by the growing fetus, causing increased frequency of urination.
Step 2: This phenomenon is a common experience for pregnant women as their uterus expands and places pressure on the bladder, making them feel the urge to urinate frequently.
Step 3: Maternity nurses should be aware of this physiological change to reassure pregnant patients that this urge to urinate is normal during pregnancy and not necessarily indicative of a urinary tract infection.
Summary:
Choice A is incorrect because increased urinary output in pregnant women does not necessarily make them less susceptible to urinary infection. Choice C is incorrect because renal function is not more efficient when a pregnant woman assumes a supine position; actually, lying on the back can reduce blood flow to the baby. Choice D is incorrect because using diuretics during pregnancy is generally not recommended as it
The decrease in systemic vascular resistance aids in decreasing which physiological measure?
- A. Cardiac output
- B. Pulse rate
- C. Renal blood flow
- D. Blood pressure
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The decrease in systemic vascular resistance leads to a decrease in blood pressure for the following reasons: 1. Vasodilation reduces resistance to blood flow in the blood vessels, lowering overall pressure. 2. As resistance decreases, the heart doesn't have to work as hard to pump blood, resulting in a decrease in blood pressure. 3. Lower resistance allows blood to flow more easily, reducing pressure on the arterial walls. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Decreasing systemic vascular resistance would typically increase cardiac output, not decrease it. B: Pulse rate is primarily affected by factors like sympathetic nervous system activity and not directly by changes in vascular resistance. C: Renal blood flow is more influenced by factors like renal artery pressure and hormonal regulation, rather than changes in systemic vascular resistance.