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A woman is considering breast reduction mammoplasty. When weighing the potential risks and benefits of this surgical procedure, the nurse should confirm that the patient is aware of what potential consequence?
- A. Chronic breast pain
- B. Unclear mammography results
- C. Increased risk of breast cancer
- D. Decreased nipple sensation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decreased nipple sensation. During breast reduction mammoplasty, nerves responsible for nipple sensation may be disrupted, leading to decreased sensation in the nipple area. This is an important consequence to consider as it can impact the patient's satisfaction and quality of life post-surgery.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Chronic breast pain is a potential risk of surgery but not a consequence directly related to nipple sensation.
B: Unclear mammography results may occur due to breast tissue changes from surgery, but it is not a direct consequence of decreased nipple sensation.
C: Increased risk of breast cancer is not a common consequence of breast reduction mammoplasty and is not directly related to nipple sensation.
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A nurse is assisting a patient in making dietarychoices that promote healthy bowel elimination. Which menu option should the nurse recommend?
- A. Broccoli and cheese soup with potato bread
- B. Turkey and mashed potatoes with brown gravy
- C. Grape and walnut chicken salad sandwich on whole wheat bread
- D. Dinner salad topped with hard-boiled eggs, cheese, and fat-free dressing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it includes fiber-rich whole wheat bread, grapes, and walnuts which promote healthy bowel elimination. Whole wheat bread and fruits provide dietary fiber that aids in digestion and prevents constipation. Walnuts are high in omega-3 fatty acids which can also help with bowel regularity.
Option A (Broccoli and cheese soup with potato bread) lacks fiber and may cause constipation due to the low fiber content. Option B (Turkey and mashed potatoes with brown gravy) may be low in fiber and high in fat, which can slow down digestion. Option D (Dinner salad topped with hard-boiled eggs, cheese, and fat-free dressing) is a healthier choice but may lack sufficient fiber for promoting healthy bowel elimination compared to option C.
A nurse exchanges information with the oncomingnurse about a patient’s care. Which action did the nurse complete?
- A. A verbal report
- B. An electronic record entry
- C. A referral
- D. An acuity rating
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A verbal report. This is because exchanging information verbally between nurses allows for real-time communication, ensuring important details are accurately conveyed. Electronic record entry (B) involves documenting information in the patient's record but does not involve direct communication. Referral (C) refers to transferring the patient's care to another healthcare provider. Acuity rating (D) is a tool used to determine the severity of a patient's condition and does not involve exchanging information between nurses.
Which form of heart disease in women of childbearing years usually has a benign effect on pregnancy?
- A. Cardiomyopathy
- B. Mitral valve prolapse
- C. Rheumatic heart disease
- D. Congenital heart disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Mitral valve prolapse. This condition is usually benign during pregnancy because the heart's workload increases, and the mitral valve is a one-way valve that prevents blood from flowing back into the left atrium. Mitral valve prolapse typically does not significantly affect the heart's ability to pump blood efficiently during pregnancy.
Rationale:
1. Cardiomyopathy (A) can worsen during pregnancy, leading to complications for both the mother and the fetus.
2. Rheumatic heart disease (C) can cause valve damage, increasing the risk of complications during pregnancy.
3. Congenital heart disease (D) varies in severity and can pose risks during pregnancy, depending on the specific condition.
Summary: Mitral valve prolapse is the correct answer as it is less likely to cause significant issues during pregnancy compared to the other options provided.
A patient with preeclampsia is being treated with bed rest and intravenous magnesium sulfate. The drug classification of this medication is a
- A. diuretic.
- B. tocolytic.
- C. anticonvulsant.
- D. antihypertensive.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: anticonvulsant. Magnesium sulfate is used in the treatment of preeclampsia to prevent seizures, making it an anticonvulsant. It works by reducing neuromuscular excitability and stabilizing nerve cell membranes. Choice A (diuretic) is incorrect because magnesium sulfate does not primarily promote diuresis. Choice B (tocolytic) is incorrect as it does not inhibit uterine contractions. Choice D (antihypertensive) is incorrect because although magnesium sulfate can help lower blood pressure in preeclampsia, its primary indication in this case is for seizure prophylaxis.
As the American population ages, nurses expect see more patients admitted to long-term care facilities in need of palliative care. Regulations now in place that govern how the care in these facilities is both organized and reimbursed emphasize what aspect of care?
- A. Ongoing acute care
- B. Restorative measures
- C. Mobility and socialization
- D. Incentives to palliative care
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Incentives to palliative care. Palliative care focuses on improving the quality of life for patients with serious illnesses by addressing their physical, emotional, and spiritual needs. As the American population ages, the emphasis on palliative care in long-term care facilities is crucial. Regulations emphasizing incentives for palliative care ensure that patients receive appropriate symptom management, comfort care, and support to enhance their overall well-being.
Choice A: Ongoing acute care is not the correct answer because palliative care is different from acute care, which focuses on treating the underlying medical condition.
Choice B: Restorative measures are not the correct answer as palliative care aims to improve quality of life rather than focusing on restoring physical function.
Choice C: Mobility and socialization are important aspects of care in long-term facilities, but palliative care goes beyond these aspects to provide holistic support for patients facing serious illnesses.