Nokea
The nurse is providing nutrition education to a Korean patient using the five food groups. In doing so, what should be the focus of the teaching?
- A. Discouraging the patient’s ethnic food choices
- B. Changing the patient’s diet to a more conventional American diet
- C. Including racial and ethnic practices with food preferences of the patient
- D. Comparing the patient’s ethnic preferences with American dietary choices
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it emphasizes cultural competence and respect for the patient's background. By including racial and ethnic practices with food preferences of the patient, the nurse can provide tailored and relevant nutrition education. This approach promotes inclusivity and acknowledges the importance of cultural traditions in dietary habits. Choices A and B are incorrect as they disregard the patient's cultural background and may lead to cultural insensitivity. Choice D is also incorrect as it focuses on comparison rather than understanding and incorporating the patient's unique cultural context. Overall, choice C aligns with patient-centered care and facilitates effective communication and trust between the nurse and the patient.
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A public health nurse is teaching a health class for the male students at the local high school. The nurse is teaching the boys to perform monthly testicular self-examinations. What point would be appropriate to emphasize?
- A. Testicular cancer is a highly curable type of cancer.
- B. Testicular cancer is very difficult to diagnose.
- C. Testicular cancer is the number one cause of cancer deaths in males.
- D. Testicular cancer is more common in older men.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Testicular cancer is a highly curable type of cancer. This is the most appropriate point to emphasize because early detection through regular self-examinations can lead to early treatment and a high survival rate. Testicular cancer has a very high cure rate, especially when detected and treated early. Emphasizing this point encourages boys to perform monthly self-exams, leading to early detection and better outcomes.
Explanation of other choices:
B: Testicular cancer is very difficult to diagnose - This is incorrect because testicular cancer is actually one of the more easily detectable cancers through self-examinations.
C: Testicular cancer is the number one cause of cancer deaths in males - This is incorrect as testicular cancer is not the leading cause of cancer deaths in males.
D: Testicular cancer is more common in older men - This is incorrect as testicular cancer is more common in younger men, typically between the ages of 15 and 44.
Which form of heart disease in women of childbearing years usually has a benign effect on pregnancy?
- A. Cardiomyopathy
- B. Mitral valve prolapse
- C. Rheumatic heart disease
- D. Congenital heart disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Mitral valve prolapse. This condition is usually benign during pregnancy because the heart's workload increases, and the mitral valve is a one-way valve that prevents blood from flowing back into the left atrium. Mitral valve prolapse typically does not significantly affect the heart's ability to pump blood efficiently during pregnancy.
Rationale:
1. Cardiomyopathy (A) can worsen during pregnancy, leading to complications for both the mother and the fetus.
2. Rheumatic heart disease (C) can cause valve damage, increasing the risk of complications during pregnancy.
3. Congenital heart disease (D) varies in severity and can pose risks during pregnancy, depending on the specific condition.
Summary: Mitral valve prolapse is the correct answer as it is less likely to cause significant issues during pregnancy compared to the other options provided.
After mastoid surgery, an 81-year-old patient has been identified as needing assistance in her home. What would be a primary focus of this patients home care?
- A. Preparation of nutritious meals and avoidance of contraindicated foods
- B. Ensuring the patient receives adequate rest each day
- C. Helping the patient adapt to temporary hearing loss
- D. Assisting the patient with ambulation as needed to avoid falling
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Preparation of nutritious meals and avoidance of contraindicated foods. After mastoid surgery, proper nutrition is crucial for healing and recovery. Nutritious meals support the immune system and aid in tissue repair. Avoiding contraindicated foods, such as those that may cause inflammation or interfere with medications, is essential for the patient's well-being. Choices B, C, and D are not the primary focus of home care after mastoid surgery. While rest, adaptation to hearing loss, and assistance with ambulation are important, they are secondary to ensuring proper nutrition for optimal recovery in this case.
A patients ocular tumor has necessitated enucleation and the patient will be fitted with a prosthesis. The nurse should address what nursing diagnosis when planning the patients discharge education?
- A. Disturbed body image
- B. Chronic pain
- C. Ineffective protection
- D. Unilateral neglect
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Disturbed body image. Enucleation can have a significant impact on a patient's self-image and self-esteem. By addressing this nursing diagnosis, the nurse can help the patient cope with the changes in their physical appearance and support them in adjusting to wearing a prosthesis.
Summary:
- Choice B (Chronic pain) is incorrect because enucleation may cause acute pain initially, but chronic pain is not a common concern post-enucleation.
- Choice C (Ineffective protection) is incorrect because enucleation does not necessarily affect the eye's protection mechanism.
- Choice D (Unilateral neglect) is incorrect as it refers to a neurological condition unrelated to the patient's situation post-enucleation.
A patient has been diagnosed with hearing loss related to damage of the end organ for hearing or cranial nerve VIII. What term is used to describe this condition?
- A. Exostoses
- B. Otalgia
- C. Sensorineural hearing loss
- D. Presbycusis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sensorineural hearing loss. This type of hearing loss is caused by damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve (cranial nerve VIII). Exostoses (A) are bony growths in the ear canal, not related to cranial nerve VIII. Otalgia (B) refers to ear pain, not hearing loss. Presbycusis (D) is age-related hearing loss, not specifically related to damage of the end organ for hearing or cranial nerve VIII. Therefore, C is the most appropriate term to describe the given condition.