Nokea
A woman missed her menstrual period 1 week ago and has come to the doctor’s office for a pregnancy test. Which placental hormone is measured in pregnancy tests?
- A. Progesterone
- B. Estrogen
- C. Human chorionic gonadotropin
- D. Human placental lactogen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Human chorionic gonadotropin is the basis for most pregnancy tests. It is detectable in maternal blood as soon as implantation occurs, usually 7 to 9 days after fertilization.
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A 36-week gestation gravid lies flat on her back.
- A. Hypertension.
- B. Dizziness.
- C. Rales.
- D. Chloasma.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lying flat on the back can compress the inferior vena cava, leading to reduced blood flow and dizziness. Chloasma, rales, and hypertension are unrelated to this position.
A nurse is caring for a patient in labor who is receiving oxytocin for induction. Which of the following is a priority assessment for the nurse?
- A. Fetal heart rate monitoring
- B. Fluid intake and output
- C. Uterine tone assessment
- D. Maternal blood pressure monitoring
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fetal heart rate monitoring. This is a priority assessment because oxytocin can cause uterine hyperstimulation, leading to fetal distress. Monitoring the fetal heart rate allows early detection of any signs of fetal compromise. Choices B, C, and D are important assessments but not the priority in this situation. Monitoring fluid intake and output, uterine tone, and maternal blood pressure are also crucial but do not directly assess fetal well-being, which is the primary concern during labor induction with oxytocin.
Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action for a patient who has been administered an epidural block and is now experiencing hypotension?
- A. Administer a bolus of IV fluids
- B. Place the patient in a Trendelenburg position
- C. Administer oxygen via mask
- D. Raise the head of the bed slightly
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer a bolus of IV fluids. Hypotension after an epidural block is often due to vasodilation caused by the block. Administering IV fluids can help increase blood volume and improve blood pressure. This action is crucial in maintaining perfusion to vital organs.
Choice B: Placing the patient in a Trendelenburg position can potentially worsen hypotension by increasing venous return to the heart, leading to further vasodilation and reduced blood pressure.
Choice C: Administering oxygen via mask may be important in some situations but is not the primary intervention for hypotension caused by epidural block.
Choice D: Raising the head of the bed slightly is not the best option for treating hypotension as it does not address the underlying cause of vasodilation and decreased blood pressure.
A 36-week gestation gravid lies flat on her back.
- A. Hypertension.
- B. Dizziness.
- C. Rales.
- D. Chloasma.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lying flat on the back can compress the inferior vena cava, leading to reduced blood flow and dizziness. Chloasma, rales, and hypertension are unrelated to this position.
A nurse is monitoring a laboring person who is receiving oxytocin for labor induction. What is the priority assessment during oxytocin infusion?
- A. monitor fetal heart rate
- B. assess maternal vital signs
- C. assess uterine tone
- D. monitor for signs of uterine hyperstimulation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: assess uterine tone. This is the priority assessment during oxytocin infusion because oxytocin can cause uterine hyperstimulation, leading to fetal distress. By assessing uterine tone regularly, the nurse can detect any signs of hyperstimulation early and take appropriate action to prevent complications. Monitoring fetal heart rate (A) is important but assessing uterine tone takes precedence as it directly impacts fetal well-being. Maternal vital signs (B) are important but are not as directly related to the safety of the fetus during oxytocin infusion. Monitoring for signs of uterine hyperstimulation (D) is essential, but assessing uterine tone is the proactive approach to detect hyperstimulation before it escalates.