Nokea
A young couple is contemplating starting a family. Which is the best time for genetic counseling?
- A. Now, before they become pregnant
- B. As soon as they have a positive pregnancy test
- C. In the second trimester
- D. In the third trimester
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Now, before they become pregnant. This is the best time for genetic counseling because it allows the couple to understand their genetic risks, receive information on potential hereditary conditions, and make informed decisions before conception. Genetic counseling before pregnancy enables proactive planning and consideration of options such as genetic testing or alternative reproductive methods if necessary. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as genetic counseling is most effective and beneficial when done prior to conception to ensure optimal outcomes and informed decision-making.
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A client is in the third stage of labor. Which finding would alert the nurse that the placenta is separating?
- A. uterus becomes globular
- B. fetal head at vaginal opening
- C. umbilical cord shortens
- D. mucous plug is expelled
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The uterus becoming globular and upward rising is a sign of placental separation. This change in shape indicates that the placenta is detaching from the uterine wall. The other options are not indicative of placental separation.
A client is to undergo a postcoital test for infertility. The nurse should include which of the following statements in the client's preprocedure counseling?
- A. You will have the test the day after your menstruation ends.
- B. You will have a dye put into your vein that will show up on x-ray.
- C. You should refrain from having intercourse for the four days immediately prior to the test.
- D. You should experience the same sensations you feel when your doctor does your Pap test.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The postcoital test involves assessing cervical mucus after intercourse, similar to a Pap test.
A nurse has just taken a family history on a 10-week gravid client and created the family pedigree shown below. Each of the darkened symbols represents a person with a serious illness. Which of the following actions should the nurse take at this time?
- A. Advise the woman that she should have an amniocentesis.
- B. Encourage the doctor to send her for genetic counseling.
- C. Ask the woman if she knew any of the relatives who died.
- D. Inform the woman that her pedigree appears normal.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Genetic counseling is warranted when a family history suggests inherited disorders.
During preconception counseling, a nurse discusses the impact of male age on fertility. What statement requires correction?
- A. Pregnancy rates are not related to the age of the male partner.
- B. Sexually active males should be routinely tested for STIs and treated appropriately.
- C. Maintaining a healthy weight is important for the reproductive health of both female and male partners.
- D. Certain medications, such as testosterone supplementation and chemotherapy, can impact male fertility.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because male age does impact fertility. Advanced paternal age is associated with decreased fertility and increased risk of genetic abnormalities in offspring. Choice B is correct as STIs can affect fertility. Choice C is relevant as obesity can impact male fertility. Choice D is correct as certain medications can impact male fertility. Overall, choice A is incorrect as male age does play a role in fertility outcomes.
What is the significance of progesterone in confirming ovulation?
- A. Low progesterone levels indicate successful ovulation.
- B. Elevated progesterone levels confirm that ovulation has occurred.
- C. Progesterone levels do not fluctuate during the cycle.
- D. Progesterone testing is only relevant during pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Elevated progesterone levels confirm that ovulation has occurred. Progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum after ovulation, supporting the uterine lining for potential implantation. Elevated progesterone levels indicate a functional corpus luteum, which only occurs after ovulation. Low progesterone levels do not indicate successful ovulation as they may suggest anovulation or inadequate luteal phase support. Progesterone levels fluctuate during the menstrual cycle, peaking post-ovulation. Progesterone testing is not only relevant during pregnancy but also in assessing ovulation and menstrual cycle health.