FNP Pediatric Practice Questions

FNP Pediatric Practice Questions Related

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A young male client visits a nurse with a complaint of chronic tension headaches. Which of the ff is the most appropriate nursing instruction to manage the client?

  • A. Instructing the client to monitor for signs of bruising or bleeding
  • B. Suggesting eating and swallowing techniques that reduce the potential for aspiration
  • C. Counselling on alternate therapies
  • D. Advising the client to change sleeping positions frequently
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate nursing instruction to manage a young male client with chronic tension headaches is counseling on alternate therapies. Chronic tension headaches can be caused or exacerbated by various factors such as stress, poor posture, eyestrain, or muscular tension. Counseling on alternate therapies can include techniques such as relaxation exercises, stress management strategies, mindfulness practices, physical therapy, or massage therapy. These alternative therapies can help the client manage stress, improve posture, and reduce muscle tension, which may help alleviate the frequency or intensity of tension headaches. It is important to explore non-pharmacological approaches before considering medication, especially for chronic conditions like tension headaches.

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A client has been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. When teaching the client and family how diet and exercise affect insulin requirements, the nurse should include which guideline?

  • A. "You'll need more insulin when you exercise or increase your food intake."
  • B. "You'll need less insulin when you exercise or reduce your food intake."
  • C. "You'll need less insulin when you increase your intake."
  • D. "You'll need more insulin when you exercise or decrease your food intake."
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus exercises or reduces their food intake, it can lead to a decrease in blood glucose levels. This is because the body is using up glucose for energy during exercise or receiving less glucose from food intake. As a result, the client would require less insulin to manage their blood glucose levels, since there is less glucose present in the bloodstream that needs to be regulated. It is important for the client and family to understand this relationship between diet, exercise, and insulin requirements to effectively manage the client's diabetes.

Which of the ff points should a nurse include in the teaching plan for clients who have potential for hypovolemia?

  • A. Avoid alcohol and caffeine
  • B. Increase intake of milk and dairy products
  • C. Increase intake of dried peas and beans
  • D. Avoid table salt or food containing sodium
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Clients at risk for hypovolemia, which is a condition characterized by low blood volume, should be advised to avoid alcohol and caffeine. Alcohol and caffeine are known to have diuretic effects, which can further deplete the body's fluid volume and worsen the condition. By avoiding alcohol and caffeine, clients can help maintain adequate fluid levels in the body and reduce the risk of exacerbating hypovolemia. Additionally, it is important for clients at risk for hypovolemia to stay hydrated by consuming adequate amounts of water or other hydrating fluids.

A newborn begins to cough, choke, and becomes cyanotic while feeding. What is the nurse's immediate action?

  • A. Inform the physician.
  • B. Have the mother stop feeding and observe.
  • C. Remove the infant from the mother, place the infant in the crib for assessment, obtain oxygen saturation, and administer blow-by oxygen immediately.
  • D. Continue feeding while monitoring.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Immediate removal from the feeding situation and rapid assessment with oxygen support is critical for airway safety.

Nurse Kevin is assessing a newborn for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH); he would expect to assess which of the following?

  • A. Characteristic limp
  • B. Ortolani's sign
  • C. Symmetrical gluteal folds
  • D. Trendelenburg‘s signs
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a condition where the hip joint does not properly form in babies and young children. To assess for DDH, healthcare professionals like Nurse Kevin utilize the Ortolani test. Ortolani's sign is a physical exam maneuver where the healthcare provider will gently manipulate the baby's hips to detect if there is a dislocated hip joint. Specifically, the Ortolani maneuver checks for the presence of a "clunk" as the femoral head relocates into the acetabulum, indicating that the hip joint is dislocated. Therefore, during the assessment of a newborn for DDH, Nurse Kevin would expect to assess for Ortolani's sign as it helps in the diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip.

The least common late neurologic sequelae that may be encountered post craniospinal irradiation in a 9-year-old child with medulloblastoma is

  • A. microcephaly
  • B. learning disabilities
  • C. cognitive impairment
  • D. second malignancy
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Second malignancy is a rare late effect compared to cognitive and learning impairments.

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