Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions

Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions Related

Review Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions related questions and content

According to Piaget, the 6-month-old infant should be in which developmental stage?

  • A. Use of reflexes
  • B. Primary circular reactions
  • C. Secondary circular reactions
  • D. Coordination of secondary schemata
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, the 6-month-old infant would typically be in the stage known as primary circular reactions. This stage occurs from around 1 to 4 months of age up to about 1 year old. During this stage, infants begin to repeat actions that bring them pleasure or interesting results, such as sucking their thumb or repeating simple movements like kicking. These repetitive actions are circular in nature because they involve the infant's own body, and they serve as the building blocks for more complex interactions and understanding of the world. This stage is characterized by the infant's increasing ability to coordinate sensory information with motor actions, laying the foundation for further cognitive development.

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A 2 years old girl presents with blue discoloration of nails and lips. On examination she is cyanosed and clubbed, heart auscultation reveals a short systolic murmur at left upper sternal border. The most likely diagnosis is?

  • A. VSD
  • B. Tetralogy of Fallot
  • C. Tricuspid atresia
  • D. Trunchus arteriosus
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot typically causes cyanosis, clubbing, and a systolic murmur due to right-to-left shunting.

all the following written below are accepted treatment for heart insufficiency except:

  • A. corticosteroids
  • B. oxygen
  • C. digoxin
  • D. diuretics except:
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Corticosteroids are not typically used in the treatment of heart insufficiency. The mainstay of treatment for heart insufficiency includes medications like oxygen, digoxin, diuretics, and sometimes blood transfusions of packed red blood cells. Corticosteroids are more commonly used to reduce inflammation and immune responses in conditions like asthma, arthritis, and certain autoimmune diseases.

Almost all of the diseases detected in neonatal screening programs have a very low prevalence; the strategy is to use the initial screening test to separate a highly suspect group from normal and then follow this suspect group aggressively. Of the following, the disease that has low prevalence rendering it not useful for neonatal screening testing is

  • A. phenylketonuria
  • B. hypothyroidism
  • C. cystic fibrosis
  • D. neuroblastoma
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Neuroblastoma has a very low prevalence and is not typically screened for in neonatal programs due to its rarity and the inefficiency of mass screening for such a condition.

A school nurse observes a child, with a peanut allergy, in obvious distress, wheezing and cyanotic, after ingestion of some trail mix containing peanuts. Place the interventions the nurse should implement in order of the highest priority to the lowest priority. Provide answer using lowercase letters separated by commas (e.g., a, b, c, d).

  • A. Call Jason's parents and notify them of the situation.
  • B. Call Jason's family practitioner to obtain further orders for medication.
  • C. Promptly administer an intramuscular dose of epinephrine. TestBankWorld.org
  • D. Call 911 and wait for the emergency response personnel to arrive.
Correct Answer: c

Rationale: The highest priority intervention in this situation is 'C': Promptly administer an intramuscular dose of epinephrine. Epinephrine is The first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, which is a severe allergic reaction that can be life-threatening. Administering Epinephrine as soon as possible can help reverse The symptoms and stabilize The child.

Nurse Analiza is administering a medication via the intraosseous route to a child. Intraosseous drug administration is typically used when a child is:

  • A. Under age 3
  • B. Over age 3
  • C. Critically ill and under age 3
  • D. Critically ill and over age 3
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Intraosseous drug administration is typically reserved for pediatric patients who are critically ill and under the age of 3. This route is chosen when intravenous access cannot be readily established or when the patient is in urgent need of medication administration. Young children have easily accessible bone marrow spaces, making intraosseous administration a quick and effective means of delivering medications in emergency situations. Older children tend to have more developed vasculature, making it easier to establish intravenous access in those cases.

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