Nokea
Acetyl salicylate & phenobarbitone are better absorbed from stomach because they are
- A. Weak acids remain non-ionic in gastric pH
- B. Weak acids remain ionic in gastric pH
- C. Strong acids fully ionized in gastric pH
- D. Weak bases which are ionized at gastric pH
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Weak acids like acetyl salicylate (aspirin) and phenobarbitone remain non-ionic in the acidic pH of the stomach, facilitating their absorption through passive diffusion across the gastric mucosa.
You may also like to solve these questions
Robert, age 51 years, has been told by his primary care provider (PCP) to take an aspirin a day. Why would this be recommended?
- A. He has arthritis and this will help with the inflammation and pain
- B. Aspirin has anti-platelet activity and prevents clots that cause heart attacks
- C. Aspirin acidifies the urine and he needs this for prostate health
- D. He has a history of GI bleed, and one aspirin a day is a safe dosage
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspirin's antiplatelet effect reduces cardiovascular risk, a common recommendation for men over 50; arthritis or prostate aren't primary reasons.
The decision may be made to switch from twice daily neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin to insulin glargine to improve glycemia control throughout the day. If this is done:
- A. The initial dose of glargine is reduced by 20% to avoid hypoglycemia
- B. The initial dose of glargine is 2 to 10 units per day
- C. Patients who have been on high doses of NPH will need tests for insulin antibodies
- D. Obese patients may require more than 100 units per day
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Switching to glargine reduces the dose by 20% to prevent hypoglycemia due to its steady action vs. NPH peaks.
Competitive antagonists.
- A. Dissociate from receptors faster than their respective agonists
- B. Alter the shape of the log dose response curve of an agonist
- C. According to the rate theory have low dissociation rate constants
- D. Initiate the opposite cellular response to receptor occupancy to that obtained by the agonist
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Competitive antagonists have low dissociation rates per rate theory, allowing them to block agonists effectively.
Food in the gastrointestinal tract affects drug absorption by:
- A. Altering the pH of the colon, which decreases absorption
- B. Competing with the drug for plasma proteins
- C. Altering gastric emptying time
- D. Altering the pH of urine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Food alters gastric emptying time, which can delay or enhance drug absorption depending on the drug's properties.
Antonia is a 3-year-old child who has a history of status epilepticus. Along with her routine antiseizure medication, she should also have a home prescription for to be used for an episode of status epilepticus.
- A. IV phenobarbital
- B. Rectal diazepam (Diastat)
- C. IV phenytoin (Dilantin)
- D. Oral carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rectal diazepam is a rescue medication for status epilepticus at home.