Nokea
Acute laryngotracheobronchitis in children:
- A. Needs to be treated by broad-spectrum antibiotics
- B. Humidified oxygen by tent needs to be administered in infancy
- C. Dexamethasone is known to shorten the duration of illness
- D. Adrenaline by nebuliser is absolutely contraindicated
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dexamethasone, a corticosteroid, is known to reduce inflammation and shorten the duration of illness in acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup).
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A nurse assesses a client 2 hours after a cardiac angiography via the left femoral artery. The nurse notes that the left pedal pulse is weak. Which action should the nurse take?
- A. Elevate the leg and apply a sandbag to the entrance site.
- B. Increase the flow rate of intravenous fluids.
- C. Assess the color and temperature of the left leg.
- D. Document the finding as the left pedal pulse of +1/4.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A weak pedal pulse after cardiac angiography may indicate compromised blood flow. Assessing the color and temperature of the leg helps determine if there is ischemia or other complications.
Uncommon complications of severe falciparum malaria are:
- A. Stroke
- B. Anaemia
- C. Hepatitis
- D. Jaundice
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because stroke is an uncommon complication of severe falciparum malaria. The other options (b-e) are more common complications.
Clinical diagnostic clues in an adolescent female with chronic cough:
- A. Pale stools and diarrhoea
- B. Aspergillus precipitin positive
- C. Calcified bronchopulmonary lymph nodes
- D. Whooping cough in the past
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspergillus precipitin positive: A positive Aspergillus precipitin test indicates Aspergillus exposure, which could lead to chronic pulmonary issues, especially in immunocompromised individuals.
Three days after a female client with multiple sclerosis (MS) is admitted to the hospital with a severe urinary tract infection, she reports experiencing double vision. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Patch one eye and then the other every few hours
- B. Encourage bedrest until the diplopia is resolved
- C. Instruct the client to limit intake of oral fluids
- D. Administer artificial tear drops to both eyes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patching each eye helps alleviate double vision caused by MS-related vision impairment.
A client with Guillain-Barre syndrome has paralysis of all extremities and requires mechanical ventilation. The nurse observes that the client is not blinking. Which action should the nurse implement?
- A. Protect cornea with lubricant and eye shields
- B. Administer artificial tears every hour.
- C. Encourage the client to blink every 10 minutes.
- D. Keep the client's eyes closed with adhesive tape.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lack of blinking increases the risk of corneal damage. Lubricants and eye shields prevent dryness and injury to the cornea.