Nokea
Urinary tract infection:
- A. Usually leads to vesico-ureteric reflux
- B. Is more common in boys than girls under a year of age
- C. In boys,is most commonly caused by Proteus mirabilis
- D. Is associated with constipation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are often associated with constipation in children, as stool retention can increase the risk of bacterial colonization in the urinary tract.
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Sinus bradycardia in neonates is considered if sinus rate is
- A. <100 beats/min
- B. <90 beats/min
- C. <80 beats/min
- D. <70 beats/min
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sinus bradycardia in neonates is typically defined as a heart rate <100 beats/min.
Displacement of apex to anterior axillary line
- A. TOF
- B. Truncus arteriosus
- C. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
- D. TAPVD
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Truncus arteriosus typically shows displacement of the apex to the anterior axillary line.
Nurse Mariane is caring for an infant with spina bifida. Which technique is most important in recognizing possible hydrocephalus?
- A. Measuring head circumference
- B. Obtaining skull X-ray
- C. Performing a lumbar puncture
- D. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Measuring head circumference is a non-invasive way to monitor for hydrocephalus, a common complication of spina bifida.
Severe pulmonary valve stenosis is defined as a peak gradient of
- A. >40 mm Hg
- B. >45 mm Hg
- C. >50 mm Hg
- D. >55 mm Hg
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe pulmonary valve stenosis is generally defined as a peak gradient >50 mm Hg.
A healthcare worker with no known exposure to tuberculosis has received a Mantoux tuberculosis skin test. The nurse's assessment of the test after 62 hours indicates 5 mm of erythema without induration. What is the best initial nursing action?
- A. Document negative results in the client's medical record
- B. Repeat the test immediately on the opposite forearm
- C. Notify the healthcare provider for further evaluation
- D. Schedule the worker for a chest X-ray
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erythema without induration is not considered a positive result. Documentation of negative findings is appropriate.